Original Literature | Model OverView |
---|---|
Publication
Title
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 2, a protein with multiple functions.
Affiliation
Molecular Endocrinology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery,Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract
Cytokine receptors act through a complex signaling network, involving Januskinases (JAKs) and the signal transducers and activators of transcription(STATs), to regulate diverse biological processes which control growth,development, homeostasis and immune function, among others. The JAK/STATsignaling pathway is attenuated via three mechanisms controlling the initiation,magnitude, and duration of the signal: the PIAS proteins, which prevent STATdimerization or DNA interaction, the SHP phosphatases, which dephosphorylateactivating tyrosine phosphorylations, and the suppressors of cytokine signaling(SOCS), which are transcribed in response to cytokine stimulation and useseveral interconnected mechanisms to downregulate the signal. Specific studiestargeting the SOCS genes in vivo have unveiled SOCS2 as the main regulator ofsomatic growth through regulation of GH/IGF-1 signaling. In addition, severalstudies indicate that SOCS2 also has important actions in the central nervoussystem, the regulation of metabolism, the immune response, the mammary glanddevelopment, cancer, and other cytokine-dependent signaling pathways. Consistentwith the role of cytokines in human physiology, any SOCS2 imbalance could resultin a broad range of pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, insulinresistance, cancer, and severe infections, among others. Thus, determining theimportance of SOCS2 in health and disease will no doubt aid in the developmentof novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we attempt to summarize theavailable information, including our results, regarding the role of SOCS2 inseveral biological processes.
PMID
17070092
|
Entity
SOCS2
--
G012586
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m95303
10
infinite
0
TRANSFAC | G012586 |
--
SOCS-2
--
MO000017120
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m2004
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR001496 |
TRANSPATH | MO000017120 |
--
elongin C
--
MO000018946
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m3558
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR001232 |
TRANSPATH | MO000018946 |
--
elongin B
--
MO000018947
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m3559
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000626 |
TRANSPATH | MO000018947 |
--
--
e1
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m1
0
infinite
0
--
--
e10
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m10
0
infinite
0
--
GH:GHR
--
e11
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m11
0
infinite
0
--
GH:GHR:SOCS2
--
e14
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m14
0
infinite
0
--
GH:GHR{ub}:SOCS2
--
e15
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m15
0
infinite
0
--
Degradants
--
e16
cso30:c:EntityBiological
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m16
0
infinite
0
--
IGF-1:IGF-1R
--
e17
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m17
0
infinite
0
--
IGF-1:IGF-1R
--
e18
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m18
0
infinite
0
--
--
e2
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_ExternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m2
0
infinite
0
--
Collagen
--
e20
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
csml-variable:Double
m20
0
infinite
0
--
PRL:PRLR
--
e21
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m21
0
infinite
0
--
PRL:PRLR;SOCS2
--
e22
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m22
0
infinite
0
--
Degradant
--
e23
cso30:c:EntityBiological
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m23
0
infinite
0
--
EGF:EGFR
--
e24
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m24
0
infinite
0
--
IL-10:IL-10R
--
e25
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m25
0
infinite
0
--
IFNalpha
--
e26
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m26
0
infinite
0
--
IFNalphaR
--
e27
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m27
0
infinite
0
--
IFN-alpha:IFN-alphaR
--
e28
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m28
0
infinite
0
--
--
e3
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m3
0
infinite
0
--
LEPR:SOCS-2
--
e30
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m30
0
infinite
0
--
LEPR:CIS
--
e31
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m31
0
infinite
0
--
SOCS-2:CIS
--
e32
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m32
0
infinite
0
--
Lipoxin
--
e33
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m33
0
infinite
0
--
LXAR{active}
--
e35
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m35
0
infinite
0
--
LXAR
--
e36
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m36
0
infinite
0
--
GM-CSF:GM-CSFR
--
e37
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m37
0
infinite
0
--
procaspase-3
--
e38
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m38
0
infinite
0
--
procaspase-2
--
e39
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m39
0
infinite
0
--
--
e4
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_InternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m4
0
infinite
0
--
cytokine
--
e40
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m40
0
infinite
0
--
cell surface receptor
--
e41
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m41
0
infinite
0
--
cytokine:cell surface receptor
--
e42
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m42
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m43
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m44
0
infinite
0
--
JAK{active}
--
e45
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m45
0
infinite
0
--
cytokine:cell surface receptor{p}
--
e46
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m46
0
infinite
0
--
STATs:cytokine:cell surface receptor
--
e47
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m47
0
infinite
0
--
STATs{p}:cytokine:cell surface receptor
--
e48
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m48
0
infinite
0
--
STATs{p}:STATs{p}:cytokine:cell surface receptor
--
e49
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m49
0
infinite
0
--
SOCS-2:elonginB
--
e5
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m5
0
infinite
0
--
--
e50
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearEnvelopeLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m50
0
infinite
0
--
--
e51
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearPore
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m51
0
infinite
0
--
--
e52
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearInnerMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m52
0
infinite
0
--
--
e53
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m53
0
infinite
0
--
--
e54
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearOuterMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m54
0
infinite
0
--
--
e55
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleus
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m55
0
infinite
0
--
--
e56
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m56
0
infinite
0
--
--
e57
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearBody
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m57
0
infinite
0
--
--
e58
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleolus
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m58
0
infinite
0
--
--
e59
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearEnvelope
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m59
0
infinite
0
--
SOCS-2:elonginC
--
e6
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m6
0
infinite
0
--
--
e60
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Chromatin
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m60
0
infinite
0
--
--
e61
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearChromosome
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m61
0
infinite
0
--
--
e62
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearCentromere
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m62
0
infinite
0
--
STAT{p}:STAT{p}
--
e63
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m64
0
infinite
0
--
mRNA
--
e64
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m65
0
infinite
0
--
--
e7
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cell
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m7
0
infinite
0
--
--
e8
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cell_WithoutCellWall_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m8
0
infinite
0
--
--
e9
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cytoplasm
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m9
0
infinite
0
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c1 : 1
stoichiometry:c2 : 1
stoichiometry:c3 : 1
m2004*m3559*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,15690087 We have also shown that SOCS2 binds Elongin B and C
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c25 : 1
stoichiometry:c26 : 1
m15*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 These results suggest that SOCS2 might act as a ubiquitin ligase, promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of the GH receptor.
p11
p11
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c27 : 1
stoichiometry:c28 : 1
stoichiometry:c29 : 1
m1985*m777*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,9727029,10747872 SOCS2 binds the IGF-1 receptor and inhibits IGF-1-induced STAT3 activation
p12
p12
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c30 : 1
stoichiometry:c34 : 1
stoichiometry:c35 : 1
stoichiometry:c36 : 1
m17*m1360*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,9727029,10747872 SOCS2 binds the IGF-1 receptor and inhibits IGF-1-induced STAT3 activation
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c31 : 1
stoichiometry:c32 : 1
stoichiometry:c33 : 1
m2004*m17*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,9727029,10747872 SOCS2 binds the IGF-1 receptor and inhibits IGF
p14
p14
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c37 : 1
stoichiometry:c39 : 1
stoichiometry:c38 : 1
m11*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID:17070092,15831713 Indeed, recent findings have demonstrated that SOCS2 has inhibitory effects on both GH and IGF-1 stimulation of collagen expression in intestinal mesenchymal cells
p14
p15
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c40 : 1
stoichiometry:c42 : 1
stoichiometry:c41 : 1
m17*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID:17070092,15831713 Indeed, recent findings have demonstrated that SOCS2 has inhibitory effects on both GH and IGF-1 stimulation of collagen expression in intestinal mesenchymal cells
p16
p16
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c43 : 1
stoichiometry:c44 : 1
stoichiometry:c45 : 1
m1292*m2485*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 SOCS2 expression is induced by PRL in several systems
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c46 : 1
stoichiometry:c47 : 1
m21*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 SOCS2 expression is induced by PRL in several systems
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c48 : 1
stoichiometry:c49 : 1
stoichiometry:c50 : 1
m2004*m21*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,10455112 It has also been shown that SOCS2 is able to bind the PRL receptor
p19
p19
cso30:i:ME_UnknownDegradation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c51 : 1
stoichiometry:c52 : 1
stoichiometry:c54 : 1
stoichiometry:c55 : 1
stoichiometry:c53 : 1
m2005*m2004*m3559*m3558*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,16199887 Similar studies show that SOCS2 enhances IL-2 and IL-3-dependent signaling through the degradation of SOCS3 PMID: 17070092 The degradation of SOCS3 by SOCS2 is enhanced by coexpression with Elongin BC and requires an intact SOCS box, suggesting that SOCS2 acts as a ubiquitin ligase towards SOCS3.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c4 : 1
stoichiometry:c5 : 1
stoichiometry:c6 : 1
m2004*m3558*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,15690087 We have also shown that SOCS2 binds Elongin B and C
p20
p20
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c56 : 1
stoichiometry:c57 : 1
stoichiometry:c58 : 1
m63*m96*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,9266833,12396724,14764607 SOCS2 is able to downregulate the apoptotic effect of LIF in M1 cells , to block the EPO-dependent reporter activity and cell proliferation, and to decrease EGF-dependent STAT5 phosphorylation in PC12 cells
p21
p21
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c59 : 1
stoichiometry:c61 : 1
stoichiometry:c62 : 1
stoichiometry:c60 : 1
m1798*m24*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,9266833,12396724,14764607 SOCS2 is able to downregulate the apoptotic effect of LIF in M1 cells , to block the EPO-dependent reporter activity and cell proliferation, and to decrease EGF-dependent STAT5 phosphorylation in PC12 cells
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c63 : 1
stoichiometry:c64 : 1
stoichiometry:c65 : 1
m2103*m2108*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 It has been shown that IL-10 inhibits IFN-alpha-dependent STAT1 activation, but up regulates SOCS2 and SOCS3 in liver.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c66 : 1
stoichiometry:c67 : 1
stoichiometry:c68 : 1
m26*m27*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 It has been shown that IL-10 inhibits IFN-alpha-dependent STAT1 activation, but up regulates SOCS2 and SOCS3 in liver.
p24
p24
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c69 : 1
stoichiometry:c70 : 1
stoichiometry:c71 : 1
stoichiometry:c72 : 1
m28*m1357*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 It has been shown that IL-10 inhibits IFN-alpha-dependent STAT1 activation, but up regulates SOCS2 and SOCS3 in liver.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c73 : 1
stoichiometry:c74 : 1
m25*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 It has been shown that IL-10 inhibits IFN-alpha-dependent STAT1 activation, but up regulates SOCS2 and SOCS3 in liver.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c75 : 1
stoichiometry:c76 : 1
m25*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 It has been shown that IL-10 inhibits IFN-alpha-dependent STAT1 activation, but up regulates SOCS2 and SOCS3 in liver.
p27
p27
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c77 : 1
stoichiometry:c78 : 1
stoichiometry:c79 : 1
m41032*m2004*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 A recent study has also shown that SOCS2, as well as CIS, is able to bind the leptin receptor (LR) through specific phosphorylated tyrosines: Y985 and Y1077 for CIS and Y1077 for SOCS2.
p27
p28
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c80 : 1
stoichiometry:c81 : 1
stoichiometry:c86 : 1
stoichiometry:c82 : 1
m2003*m41032*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 A recent study has also shown that SOCS2, as well as CIS, is able to bind the leptin receptor (LR) through specific phosphorylated tyrosines: Y985 and Y1077 for CIS and Y1077 for SOCS2. PMID: 17070092,16684815 Interestingly, SOCS2 can block the access of CIS to Y985 on the receptor through interaction with the SOCS box of CIS, suggesting that SOCS2 might act as a ubiquitin ligase towards CIS
p29
p29
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c83 : 1
stoichiometry:c84 : 1
stoichiometry:c85 : 1
m2003*m2004*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,16684815 Interestingly, SOCS2 can block the access of CIS to Y985 on the receptor through interaction with the SOCS box of CIS, suggesting that SOCS2 might act as a ubiquitin ligase towards CIS
p3
p3
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c7 : 1
stoichiometry:c8 : 1
stoichiometry:c9 : 1
m2174*m2633*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,10433229,9430658,10998044 GH induces the expression of several members of the SOCS family, including SOCS2
p30
p30
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c87 : 1
stoichiometry:c89 : 1
stoichiometry:c88 : 1
m13128*m33*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,16415877 SOCS2 mRNA and protein were induced by lipoxin (LXA4), an eicosanoid mediator with potent anti-inflammatory properties, by activation of two receptors, AhR and LXAR, in dendritic cells (DC)
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c90 : 1
stoichiometry:c92 : 1
stoichiometry:c91 : 1
m36*m33*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,16415877 SOCS2 mRNA and protein were induced by lipoxin (LXA4), an eicosanoid mediator with potent anti-inflammatory properties, by activation of two receptors, AhR and LXAR, in dendritic cells (DC)
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c95 : 1
stoichiometry:c96 : 1
m34*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,16415877 SOCS2 mRNA and protein were induced by lipoxin (LXA4), an eicosanoid mediator with potent anti-inflammatory properties, by activation of two receptors, AhR and LXAR, in dendritic cells (DC)
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c93 : 1
stoichiometry:c94 : 1
m35*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,16415877 SOCS2 mRNA and protein were induced by lipoxin (LXA4), an eicosanoid mediator with potent anti-inflammatory properties, by activation of two receptors, AhR and LXAR, in dendritic cells (DC)
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c97 : 1
stoichiometry:c98 : 1
stoichiometry:c99 : 1
m88*m81*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 In acute myeloid leukemia cells, GM-CSF stimulates SOCS2, SOCS3, and procaspase 2 and 3 expression.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c100 : 1
stoichiometry:c101 : 1
m37*0.1
nodelay
--
0
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c102 : 1
stoichiometry:c103 : 1
m37*0.1
nodelay
--
0
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c104 : 1
stoichiometry:c105 : 1
m37*0.1
nodelay
--
0
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c106 : 1
stoichiometry:c107 : 1
m37*0.1
nodelay
--
0
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c108 : 1
stoichiometry:c109 : 1
stoichiometry:c110 : 1
m40*m41*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 Cytokine receptors act through a complex signaling network, involving Janus kinases (JAKs) and the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs), to regulate diverse biological processes which control growth, development, homeostasis and immune function, among others.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c10 : 1
stoichiometry:c11 : 1
m11*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,10433229,9430658,10998044 GH induces the expression of several members of the SOCS family, including SOCS2
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c114 : 1
stoichiometry:c115 : 1
m43*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 This process involves oligomerization and activation of the JAK family of tyrosine kinases, which in turn phosphorylate the receptor at specific tyrosine residues.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c116 : 1
stoichiometry:c117 : 1
stoichiometry:c118 : 1
m42*m45*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 This process involves oligomerization and activation of the JAK family of tyrosine kinases, which in turn phosphorylate the receptor at specific tyrosine residues.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c119 : 1
stoichiometry:c120 : 1
stoichiometry:c121 : 1
m46*m1633*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 STAT proteins are then recruited to these phosphorylated sites and are phosphorylated at tyrosine amino acids by the action of JAK proteins
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c122 : 1
stoichiometry:c124 : 1
stoichiometry:c123 : 1
m47*m45*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 STAT proteins are then recruited to these phosphorylated sites and are phosphorylated at tyrosine amino acids by the action of JAK proteins
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c126 : 1
stoichiometry:c125 : 1
m48*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,15020666 Dimerization of the phosphorylated STATs leads to nuclear migration and regulation of gene expression
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c127 : 1
stoichiometry:c128 : 1
stoichiometry:c129 : 1
m49*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,15020666 Dimerization of the phosphorylated STATs leads to nuclear migration and regulation of gene expression
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c130 : 1
stoichiometry:c131 : 1
m64*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,15020666 Dimerization of the phosphorylated STATs leads to nuclear migration and regulation of gene expression
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c132 : 1
stoichiometry:c133 : 1
stoichiometry:c134 : 1
m42*m44*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 This process involves oligomerization and activation of the JAK family of tyrosine kinases, which in turn phosphorylate the receptor at specific tyrosine residues.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c12 : 1
stoichiometry:c13 : 1
m95303*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,15125881 SOCS2 overexpression in vitro shows a partial inhibition of GH-dependent signaling (e.g. phosphorylation of STAT5 and JAK2, DNA-binding capacity of STAT5 and GH-dependent reporter activity), in contrast to SOCS1 and SOCS3, which have a stronger inhibitory action
p6
p6
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c14 : 1
stoichiometry:c16 : 1
stoichiometry:c15 : 1
m1798*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,15125881 SOCS2 overexpression in vitro shows a partial inhibition of GH-dependent signaling (e.g. phosphorylation of STAT5 and JAK2, DNA-binding capacity of STAT5 and GH-dependent reporter activity), in contrast to SOCS1 and SOCS3, which have a stronger inhibitory action
p6
p7
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c17 : 1
stoichiometry:c19 : 1
stoichiometry:c18 : 1
m130*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092,15125881 SOCS2 overexpression in vitro shows a partial inhibition of GH-dependent signaling (e.g. phosphorylation of STAT5 and JAK2, DNA-binding capacity of STAT5 and GH-dependent reporter activity), in contrast to SOCS1 and SOCS3, which have a stronger inhibitory action PMID: 17070092,1058543 It has also been shown that SOCS2 can inhibit JAK2 tyrosine phosphorylation even in the absence of the GH receptor
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c20 : 1
stoichiometry:c21 : 1
stoichiometry:c22 : 1
m2004*m11*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 SOCS2 is able to bind the GH receptor through tyrosines Y595 and Y487
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c23 : 1
stoichiometry:c24 : 1
m14*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17070092 These results suggest that SOCS2 might act as a ubiquitin ligase, promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of the GH receptor.
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputInhibitor
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputInhibitor
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputInhibitor
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputInhibitor
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--