Original Literature | Model OverView |
---|---|
Publication
Title
Translational mini-review series on Toll-like receptors: networks regulated byToll-like receptors mediate innate and adaptive immunity.
Affiliation
Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine and BiologicalSciences, University of Sheffield, UK.
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family provide key components of mammalian immunityand are part of the earliest surveillance mechanisms responding to infection.Their activation triggers the innate immune response, and is crucial to thesuccessful induction of Th1/Th2-phenotyped adaptive immunity. Innate immunitywas long considered to be non-specific and somewhat simple compared to adaptiveimmunity, mediated via the engulfment and lysis of microbial pathogens byphagocytic cells such as macrophages and neutrophils, and involving no complexprotein-protein interactions. The emergence of the TLR field has contributed toa revision of our understanding, and innate immunity is now viewed as a highlycomplex process, in line with adaptive immunity. This review will give a briefoverview of our current knowledge of TLR biology, and will focus on TLRs as keycomponents in complex networks that activate, integrate and select theappropriate innate and adaptive immune responses in the face of immunologicaldanger.
PMID
17223959
|
Entity
Process
NF-kappaB
--
MO000000058
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m86
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000058 |
--
MAPKs
--
MO000000077
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m88
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000077 |
--
MyD88
--
MO000016573
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1572
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000157 |
TRANSPATH | MO000016573 |
--
TRAF3
--
MO000016963
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1872
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR001841 |
TRANSPATH | MO000016963 |
--
fibrinogen
--
MO000017426
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m2254
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000017426 |
--
TLR4: TLR4
--
MO000019394
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m3961
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000157 |
TRANSPATH | MO000019394 |
--
TLR1
--
MO000019396
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m3963
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR003016 |
TRANSPATH | MO000019396 |
--
TLR2
--
MO000019397
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m3964
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000157 |
TRANSPATH | MO000019397 |
--
TLR3
--
MO000019398
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m3965
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000157 |
TRANSPATH | MO000019398 |
--
TRIF
--
MO000041125
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m18998
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000041125 |
--
TLR8
--
MO000042007
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m19823
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000042007 |
--
TLR7
--
MO000042126
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m19940
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000042126 |
--
HMGB1
--
MO000044940
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m22603
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000044940 |
--
--
e1
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m1
0
infinite
0
--
--
e10
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m10
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR4: TLR4: TRAM: TRIF: TRAF3: TBK1: IKK-i
--
e100
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m103
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m104
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA: TLR3: TRIF: TRAF3
--
e102
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
csml-variable:Double
m105
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA: TLR3: TRIF: TRAF3: TBK1: IKK-i
--
e103
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m106
0
infinite
0
--
IRF-3 {activated}
--
e104
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m107
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR008984 |
TRANSPATH | MO000007694 |
--
TRIF: TRAF6
--
e105
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m109
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA: TLR7: MyD88: TRAF3
--
e106
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m110
0
infinite
0
--
CpG DNA: TLR9: MyD88: TRAF3
--
e107
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m111
0
infinite
0
--
CXCL8
--
e108
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m112
0
infinite
0
--
CXCL2
--
e109
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m113
0
infinite
0
--
--
e11
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m11
0
infinite
0
--
poly (i:C): TLR3
--
e110
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
csml-variable:Double
m114
0
infinite
0
--
CXCL3
--
e111
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m115
0
infinite
0
--
lipoprotein
--
e12
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
csml-variable:Double
m12
0
infinite
0
--
TLR1: TLR2
--
e13
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m13
0
infinite
0
--
TLR6: TLR2
--
e14
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m14
0
infinite
0
--
lipoteichoic acid
--
e15
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
csml-variable:Double
m15
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR6: TLR2
--
e16
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m16
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR6: TLR2
--
e17
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m17
0
infinite
0
--
lipoprotein: TLR1: TLR2
--
e18
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m18
0
infinite
0
--
lipoprotein: TLR6: TLR2
--
e19
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m19
0
infinite
0
--
--
e2
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_ExternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m2
0
infinite
0
--
lipoteichoic acid: TLR1: TLR2
--
e20
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m20
0
infinite
0
--
lipoteichoic acid: TLR6: TLR2
--
e21
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m21
0
infinite
0
--
lipoarabinomannan
--
e22
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
csml-variable:Double
m22
0
infinite
0
--
lipoarabinomannan: TLR1: TLR2
--
e23
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m23
0
infinite
0
--
lipoarabinomannan: TLR1: TLR2
--
e24
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m24
0
infinite
0
--
TLR1: TLR10
--
e25
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m25
0
infinite
0
--
TLR2: TLR10
--
e26
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m26
0
infinite
0
--
TLR4
--
e27
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m27
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000157 |
TRANSPATH | MO000019394 |
--
TLR1: TLR4
--
e28
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m28
0
infinite
0
--
TLR5: TLR4
--
e29
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m29
0
infinite
0
--
--
e3
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m3
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR4: TLR4
--
e30
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m30
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA: TLR3
--
e31
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
csml-variable:Double
m31
0
infinite
0
--
flagellin: TLR5
--
e32
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m32
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m33
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA: TLR7
--
e34
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
csml-variable:Double
m34
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA: TLR8
--
e35
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m35
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m36
0
infinite
0
--
CpG DNA: TLR9
--
e37
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
csml-variable:Double
m37
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m38
0
infinite
0
--
mRNA: TLR3
--
e39
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m39
0
infinite
0
--
--
e4
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_InternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m4
0
infinite
0
--
loxoribine
--
e40
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
csml-variable:Double
m40
0
infinite
0
--
imidazoquinoline
--
e41
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
csml-variable:Double
m41
0
infinite
0
--
loxoribine: TLR7
--
e42
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m42
0
infinite
0
--
loxoribine: TLR8
--
e43
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m43
0
infinite
0
--
imidazoquinoline: TLR8
--
e44
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m44
0
infinite
0
--
imidazoquinoline: TLR7
--
e45
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m45
0
infinite
0
--
ROS: TLR2
--
e46
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m46
0
infinite
0
--
defensin: TLR2
--
e47
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m47
0
infinite
0
--
defensin
--
e48
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m48
0
infinite
0
--
surfactant protein A
--
e49
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m49
0
infinite
0
--
--
e5
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m5
0
infinite
0
--
--
e50
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearEnvelopeLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m50
0
infinite
0
--
--
e51
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearPore
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m51
0
infinite
0
--
--
e52
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearInnerMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m52
0
infinite
0
--
--
e53
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m53
0
infinite
0
--
--
e54
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearOuterMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m54
0
infinite
0
--
--
e55
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleus
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m55
0
infinite
0
--
--
e56
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m56
0
infinite
0
--
--
e57
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearBody
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m57
0
infinite
0
--
--
e58
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleolus
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m58
0
infinite
0
--
--
e59
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearEnvelope
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m59
0
infinite
0
--
--
e6
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Endosome
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m6
0
infinite
0
--
--
e60
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Chromatin
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m60
0
infinite
0
--
--
e61
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearChromosome
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m61
0
infinite
0
--
--
e62
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearCentromere
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m62
0
infinite
0
--
hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides
--
e63
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m63
0
infinite
0
--
HSPB8: TLR4
--
e64
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m64
0
infinite
0
--
fibrinogen: TLR4
--
e65
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m65
0
infinite
0
--
surfactant protein A: TLR4
--
e66
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m66
0
infinite
0
--
EDA: TLR4
--
e67
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m67
0
infinite
0
--
hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides: TLR4
--
e68
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m68
0
infinite
0
--
HMGB1: TLR4
--
e69
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m69
0
infinite
0
--
--
e7
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cell
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m7
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m70
0
infinite
0
--
HMGB1: TLR2
--
e71
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m71
0
infinite
0
--
TLR ligand: TLR
--
e72
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m72
0
infinite
0
--
TLR ligand: TLR: MyD88
--
e73
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m73
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR4: TLR4: MyD88
--
e74
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m74
0
infinite
0
--
TLR ligand: TLR: MyD88: IRAK-4
--
e75
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m75
0
infinite
0
--
TLR ligand: TLR: MyD88: IRAK-4: IRAK
--
e76
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m76
0
infinite
0
--
TLR ligand: TLR: MyD88: IRAK-4: IRAK {p}
--
e77
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m77
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR4: TLR4: MyD88: MAL
--
e78
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m78
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m79
0
infinite
0
--
--
e8
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cell_WithoutCellWall_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m8
0
infinite
0
--
TLR2 ligand: TLR2
--
e80
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m80
0
infinite
0
--
TLR2 ligand: TLR2: MyD88
--
e81
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m81
0
infinite
0
--
TLR2 ligand: TLR2: MyD88: MAL
--
e82
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m82
0
infinite
0
--
TRAF6 {activated}
--
e83
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m83
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR001841 |
TRANSPATH | MO000000212 |
--
TAK1: TAB1: TAB2: TAB3
--
e84
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m84
0
infinite
0
--
TAK1: TAB1: TAB2: TAB3 {activated}
--
e85
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m85
0
infinite
0
--
NF-kappaB {activated}
--
e86
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m87
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000058 |
--
MAPKs {activated}
--
e87
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m89
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000077 |
--
PI3K {activated}
--
e88
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m91
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000030 |
--
ssRNA: TLR7: MyD88
--
e89
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
csml-variable:Double
m92
0
infinite
0
--
--
e9
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cytoplasm
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m9
0
infinite
0
--
CpG DNA: TLR9: MyD88
--
e90
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
csml-variable:Double
m93
0
infinite
0
--
IRF-7 {activated}
--
e91
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m94
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000007702 |
--
csml-variable:Double
m95
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m96
10
infinite
0
Ensembl | ENSG00000147877 |
HGNC | IFNA7 |
OMIM | 147567 |
Proteome | HumanPSD/IFNA7 |
RefSeq | NM_021057 |
TRANSFAC | G000306 |
Unigene | Hs.282274 |
--
IRF-7 {nucleus}
--
e94
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m97
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000007702 |
--
MyD88: TRAF6: IRF-5
--
e95
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m98
0
infinite
0
--
MyD88: IRF-4
--
e96
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m99
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR4: TLR4: TRAM
--
e97
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m100
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR4: TLR4: TRAM: TRIF
--
e98
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_ExternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m101
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR4: TLR4: TRAM: TRIF: TRAF3
--
e99
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m102
0
infinite
0
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c1 : 1
stoichiometry:c2 : 1
stoichiometry:c3 : 1
m3963*m3964*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c26 : 1
stoichiometry:c30 : 1
stoichiometry:c28 : 1
m22*m14*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
p11
p11
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c31 : 1
stoichiometry:c35 : 1
stoichiometry:c33 : 1
m3963*m19942*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 15728506 TLR10 was the orphan member of the family, but recent work has demonstrated its ability to form homodimers and also heterodimers with TLR1 and TLR2, although specific ligands for these combinations have yet to be identified.
p12
p12
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c32 : 1
stoichiometry:c36 : 1
stoichiometry:c34 : 1
m3964*m19942*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 15728506 TLR10 was the orphan member of the family, but recent work has demonstrated its ability to form homodimers and also heterodimers with TLR1 and TLR2, although specific ligands for these combinations have yet to be identified.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c38 : 1
stoichiometry:c39 : 1
stoichiometry:c41 : 1
m27*m3963*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 11932926, 12794153 TLR4 acts essentially as a homodimer (although there is some evidence for heterodimerization with TLR1 [22] and TLR5 [23]), and it also recognizes an extensive range of agonists.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c37 : 1
stoichiometry:c240 : 1
stoichiometry:c42 : 1
m3966*m27*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 11932926, 12794153 TLR4 acts essentially as a homodimer (although there is some evidence for heterodimerization with TLR1 [22] and TLR5 [23]), and it also recognizes an extensive range of agonists.
p15
p15
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c43 : 1
stoichiometry:c44 : 1
stoichiometry:c45 : 1
m155666*m3961*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 11932926, 12794153 TLR4 acts essentially as a homodimer (although there is some evidence for heterodimerization with TLR1 [22] and TLR5 [23]), and it also recognizes an extensive range of agonists. PMID: 17223959, 9851930, 9989976, 10201887 TLR4 is crucial for effective responses to the Gram-negative bacterial component LPS [5?7], but also recognizes viral proteins [25,26].
p16
p16
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_ExternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c40 : 1
stoichiometry:c46 : 1
stoichiometry:c47 : 1
m119368*m3965*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 11607032, 14579267, 14976261 TLR3 recognizes double-stranded RNA [29], while TLR7 and/or 8 mediate responses to single-stranded RNA, also derived from viruses [30,31].
p17
p17
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c48 : 1
stoichiometry:c49 : 1
stoichiometry:c50 : 1
m6485*m3966*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 11323673, 14625549 In contrast, only a single agonist group has been identified so far for TLR5 comprising the flagellins, an essential protein component of bacterial flagella found in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [27,28].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c52 : 1
stoichiometry:c53 : 1
stoichiometry:c51 : 1
m19940*m33*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 11607032, 14579267, 14976261 TLR3 recognizes double-stranded RNA [29], while TLR7 and/or 8 mediate responses to single-stranded RNA, also derived from viruses [30,31].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c54 : 1
stoichiometry:c55 : 1
stoichiometry:c56 : 1
m33*m19823*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 11607032, 14579267, 14976261 TLR3 recognizes double-stranded RNA [29], while TLR7 and/or 8 mediate responses to single-stranded RNA, also derived from viruses [30,31].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c4 : 1
stoichiometry:c5 : 1
stoichiometry:c6 : 1
m3987*m3964*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
p20
p20
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c57 : 1
stoichiometry:c58 : 1
stoichiometry:c59 : 1
m36*m19828*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14563635, 12900525 TLR9 recognizes unmethylated CG dinucleotides (CpG motifs), mediating responses to bacterial DNA and some viruses [34,35].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c60 : 1
stoichiometry:c61 : 1
stoichiometry:c62 : 1
m3965*m38*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14729660, 12411706, 11083876 There is increasing evidence that ¡Æendogenous¡Ç ligands may also activate TLRs; these include products derived from host cells, for example mRNA [43] (recognized by TLR3), and anti-microbial molecules such as defensins [44] and reactive oxygen species (TLR2) [45].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c63 : 1
stoichiometry:c65 : 1
stoichiometry:c67 : 1
m40*m19940*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14579267, 12464152 TLR7 and 8 also respond to potent immunomodulatory nucleoside or nucleoside-like drugs, such as loxoribine and the imidazoquinolines [30,32], and appear to be responsible for the potent actions of the imidazoquinolines in the treatment of skin tumours [33].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c64 : 1
stoichiometry:c66 : 1
stoichiometry:c68 : 1
m40*m19823*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14579267, 12464152 TLR7 and 8 also respond to potent immunomodulatory nucleoside or nucleoside-like drugs, such as loxoribine and the imidazoquinolines [30,32], and appear to be responsible for the potent actions of the imidazoquinolines in the treatment of skin tumours [33].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c69 : 1
stoichiometry:c70 : 1
stoichiometry:c71 : 1
m41*m19940*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14579267, 12464152 TLR7 and 8 also respond to potent immunomodulatory nucleoside or nucleoside-like drugs, such as loxoribine and the imidazoquinolines [30,32], and appear to be responsible for the potent actions of the imidazoquinolines in the treatment of skin tumours [33].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c72 : 1
stoichiometry:c73 : 1
stoichiometry:c74 : 1
m41*m19823*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14579267, 12464152 TLR7 and 8 also respond to potent immunomodulatory nucleoside or nucleoside-like drugs, such as loxoribine and the imidazoquinolines [30,32], and appear to be responsible for the potent actions of the imidazoquinolines in the treatment of skin tumours [33].
p26
p26
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c75 : 1
stoichiometry:c79 : 1
stoichiometry:c77 : 1
m3964*m1063*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14729660, 12411706, 11083876 There is increasing evidence that ¡Æendogenous¡Ç ligands may also activate TLRs; these include products derived from host cells, for example mRNA [43] (recognized by TLR3), and anti-microbial molecules such as defensins [44] and reactive oxygen species (TLR2) [45].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c76 : 1
stoichiometry:c80 : 1
stoichiometry:c78 : 1
m3964*m48*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14729660, 12411706, 11083876 There is increasing evidence that ¡Æendogenous¡Ç ligands may also activate TLRs; these include products derived from host cells, for example mRNA [43] (recognized by TLR3), and anti-microbial molecules such as defensins [44] and reactive oxygen species (TLR2) [45].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c81 : 1
stoichiometry:c87 : 1
stoichiometry:c93 : 1
m27*m42587*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16709864,11509636, 12055204 In addition, products derived from damaged or dying cells can act as agonists, and proposed members of this category of TLR4-activators include heat shock protein B8 [46], fibrinogen [47], surfactant protein A [48] and the tissue matrix breakdown products fibronectin extra domain A [49] and hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides [50].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c82 : 1
stoichiometry:c88 : 1
stoichiometry:c94 : 1
m27*m2254*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16709864,11509636, 12055204 In addition, products derived from damaged or dying cells can act as agonists, and proposed members of this category of TLR4-activators include heat shock protein B8 [46], fibrinogen [47], surfactant protein A [48] and the tissue matrix breakdown products fibronectin extra domain A [49] and hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides [50].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c7 : 1
stoichiometry:c10 : 1
stoichiometry:c24 : 1
m15*m14*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c83 : 1
stoichiometry:c89 : 1
stoichiometry:c95 : 1
m27*m49*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16709864,11509636, 12055204 In addition, products derived from damaged or dying cells can act as agonists, and proposed members of this category of TLR4-activators include heat shock protein B8 [46], fibrinogen [47], surfactant protein A [48] and the tissue matrix breakdown products fibronectin extra domain A [49] and hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides [50].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c84 : 1
stoichiometry:c90 : 1
stoichiometry:c96 : 1
m27*m14425*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16709864,11509636, 12055204 In addition, products derived from damaged or dying cells can act as agonists, and proposed members of this category of TLR4-activators include heat shock protein B8 [46], fibrinogen [47], surfactant protein A [48] and the tissue matrix breakdown products fibronectin extra domain A [49] and hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides [50].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c85 : 1
stoichiometry:c91 : 1
stoichiometry:c97 : 1
m27*m63*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16709864,11509636, 12055204 In addition, products derived from damaged or dying cells can act as agonists, and proposed members of this category of TLR4-activators include heat shock protein B8 [46], fibrinogen [47], surfactant protein A [48] and the tissue matrix breakdown products fibronectin extra domain A [49] and hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides [50].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c86 : 1
stoichiometry:c92 : 1
stoichiometry:c98 : 1
m27*m22603*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16709864,11509636, 12055204 In addition, products derived from damaged or dying cells can act as agonists, and proposed members of this category of TLR4-activators include heat shock protein B8 [46], fibrinogen [47], surfactant protein A [48] and the tissue matrix breakdown products fibronectin extra domain A [49] and hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides [50].
p34
p34
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c99 : 1
stoichiometry:c100 : 1
stoichiometry:c101 : 1
m22603*m3964*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16709864,11509636, 12055204 In addition, products derived from damaged or dying cells can act as agonists, and proposed members of this category of TLR4-activators include heat shock protein B8 [46], fibrinogen [47], surfactant protein A [48] and the tissue matrix breakdown products fibronectin extra domain A [49] and hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides [50].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c102 : 1
stoichiometry:c103 : 1
stoichiometry:c104 : 1
m3962*m70*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 MyD88 is utilized by all the TLRs, except TLR3, and requires the bridging adapter Mal/TIRAP for TLR2 and TLR4 signalling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c105 : 1
stoichiometry:c106 : 1
stoichiometry:c107 : 1
m72*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 MyD88 is utilized by all the TLRs, except TLR3, and requires the bridging adapter Mal/TIRAP for TLR2 and TLR4 signalling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c108 : 1
stoichiometry:c109 : 1
stoichiometry:c110 : 1
m1572*m30*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 MyD88 is utilized by all the TLRs, except TLR3, and requires the bridging adapter Mal/TIRAP for TLR2 and TLR4 signalling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c112 : 1
stoichiometry:c161 : 1
stoichiometry:c113 : 1
m17258*m73*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 Upon activation MyD88 recruits IRAK-4, allowing association and phosphorylation of IRAK-1, which in turn recruits TRAF6.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c114 : 1
stoichiometry:c115 : 1
stoichiometry:c116 : 1
m75*m184*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 Upon activation MyD88 recruits IRAK-4, allowing association and phosphorylation of IRAK-1, which in turn recruits TRAF6.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c16 : 1
stoichiometry:c19 : 1
stoichiometry:c18 : 1
m155666*m13*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c117 : 1
stoichiometry:c118 : 1
m76*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 Upon activation MyD88 recruits IRAK-4, allowing association and phosphorylation of IRAK-1, which in turn recruits TRAF6.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c111 : 1
stoichiometry:c119 : 1
stoichiometry:c120 : 1
m74*m43675*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 MyD88 is utilized by all the TLRs, except TLR3, and requires the bridging adapter Mal/TIRAP for TLR2 and TLR4 signalling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c121 : 1
stoichiometry:c122 : 1
stoichiometry:c123 : 1
m3964*m79*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 MyD88 is utilized by all the TLRs, except TLR3, and requires the bridging adapter Mal/TIRAP for TLR2 and TLR4 signalling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c124 : 1
stoichiometry:c126 : 1
stoichiometry:c125 : 1
m80*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 MyD88 is utilized by all the TLRs, except TLR3, and requires the bridging adapter Mal/TIRAP for TLR2 and TLR4 signalling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c127 : 1
stoichiometry:c129 : 1
stoichiometry:c128 : 1
m81*m43675*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959 MyD88 is utilized by all the TLRs, except TLR3, and requires the bridging adapter Mal/TIRAP for TLR2 and TLR4 signalling.
p45
p45
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c130 : 1
stoichiometry:c132 : 1
stoichiometry:c131 : 1
m183*m77*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10075645, 10601019, 14699155 TRAF6 activates the TAK-1/TAB1/2/3 complex, resulting in downstream cascades that lead ultimately to activation of nuclear factor (NF)-¦ÊB [56], and also initiation of distinct parallel signalling pathways leading to mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase [57?59] and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) [60,61] activation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c133 : 1
stoichiometry:c135 : 1
stoichiometry:c134 : 1
m84*m83*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10075645, 10601019, 14699155 TRAF6 activates the TAK-1/TAB1/2/3 complex, resulting in downstream cascades that lead ultimately to activation of nuclear factor (NF)-¦ÊB [56], and also initiation of distinct parallel signalling pathways leading to mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase [57?59] and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) [60,61] activation.
p47
p47
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c136 : 1
stoichiometry:c137 : 1
stoichiometry:c138 : 1
m85*m86*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10075645, 10601019, 14699155 TRAF6 activates the TAK-1/TAB1/2/3 complex, resulting in downstream cascades that lead ultimately to activation of nuclear factor (NF)-¦ÊB [56], and also initiation of distinct parallel signalling pathways leading to mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase [57?59] and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) [60,61] activation.
p48
p48
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c139 : 1
stoichiometry:c143 : 1
stoichiometry:c144 : 1
m85*m90*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10075645, 10601019, 14699155 TRAF6 activates the TAK-1/TAB1/2/3 complex, resulting in downstream cascades that lead ultimately to activation of nuclear factor (NF)-¦ÊB [56], and also initiation of distinct parallel signalling pathways leading to mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase [57?59] and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) [60,61] activation.
p49
p49
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c140 : 1
stoichiometry:c142 : 1
stoichiometry:c141 : 1
m88*m85*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10075645, 10601019, 14699155 TRAF6 activates the TAK-1/TAB1/2/3 complex, resulting in downstream cascades that lead ultimately to activation of nuclear factor (NF)-¦ÊB [56], and also initiation of distinct parallel signalling pathways leading to mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase [57?59] and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) [60,61] activation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c8 : 1
stoichiometry:c9 : 1
stoichiometry:c23 : 1
m15*m13*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c146 : 1
stoichiometry:c145 : 1
stoichiometry:c149 : 1
m34*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16306937, 16306936, 15361868 In addition, TLR7 and TLR9 signalling via MyD88 can induce the type I interferons (IFNs) in a cascade also involving TRAF3 [62,63] and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7, which translocates to the nucleus and induces the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta promoters [64,65].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c148 : 1
stoichiometry:c147 : 1
stoichiometry:c150 : 1
m37*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16306937, 16306936, 15361868 In addition, TLR7 and TLR9 signalling via MyD88 can induce the type I interferons (IFNs) in a cascade also involving TRAF3 [62,63] and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7, which translocates to the nucleus and induces the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta promoters [64,65].
p52
p52
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c151 : 1
stoichiometry:c214 : 1
stoichiometry:c152 : 1
m980*m110*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16306937, 16306936, 15361868 In addition, TLR7 and TLR9 signalling via MyD88 can induce the type I interferons (IFNs) in a cascade also involving TRAF3 [62,63] and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7, which translocates to the nucleus and induces the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta promoters [64,65].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c160 : 1
stoichiometry:c158 : 1
m97*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16306937, 16306936, 15361868 In addition, TLR7 and TLR9 signalling via MyD88 can induce the type I interferons (IFNs) in a cascade also involving TRAF3 [62,63] and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7, which translocates to the nucleus and induces the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta promoters [64,65].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c156 : 1
stoichiometry:c157 : 1
m94*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16306937, 16306936, 15361868 In addition, TLR7 and TLR9 signalling via MyD88 can induce the type I interferons (IFNs) in a cascade also involving TRAF3 [62,63] and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7, which translocates to the nucleus and induces the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta promoters [64,65].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c159 : 1
stoichiometry:c155 : 1
m97*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16306937, 16306936, 15361868 In addition, TLR7 and TLR9 signalling via MyD88 can induce the type I interferons (IFNs) in a cascade also involving TRAF3 [62,63] and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7, which translocates to the nucleus and induces the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta promoters [64,65].
p56
p56
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c162 : 1
stoichiometry:c163 : 1
stoichiometry:c165 : 1
stoichiometry:c169 : 1
stoichiometry:c164 : 1
m1572*m979*m183*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 15665823 IRF-5 co-localizes and associates with MyD88 and TRAF-6 and is required for inflammatory cytokine, but not IFN-alpha/beta, production upon stimulation with TLR3, 4, 5, 7/8 and 9 ligands [66]. PMID: 17223959, 16236719 IRF-4 is a negative regulator of the signalling pathway, competing with IRF-5 for association with MyD88 [67].
p57
p57
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c166 : 1
stoichiometry:c167 : 1
stoichiometry:c168 : 1
m978*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16236719 IRF-4 is a negative regulator of the signalling pathway, competing with IRF-5 for association with MyD88 [67].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c171 : 1
stoichiometry:c174 : 1
stoichiometry:c175 : 1
m18998*m100*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14556004 TRIF is recruited selectively by TLR3 and TLR4, although TLR4 requires a fourth adapter molecule, TRAM, to link it to TRIF [70].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c173 : 1
stoichiometry:c170 : 1
stoichiometry:c172 : 1
m19005*m30*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14556004 TRIF is recruited selectively by TLR3 and TLR4, although TLR4 requires a fourth adapter molecule, TRAM, to link it to TRIF [70].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c12 : 1
stoichiometry:c14 : 1
stoichiometry:c22 : 1
m12*m14*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c176 : 1
stoichiometry:c177 : 1
stoichiometry:c178 : 1
m1872*m101*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16621716, 11698465 This pathway again utilizes TRAF3, which interacts with TBK-1 and IKK-epsilon to mediate activation of IRF-3 and finally induction of the IFN-beta promoter and several other target genes, for example CXCL10 [71,72].
p61
p61
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c179 : 1
stoichiometry:c180 : 1
stoichiometry:c181 : 1
stoichiometry:c182 : 1
m1599*m3902*m102*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16621716, 11698465 This pathway again utilizes TRAF3, which interacts with TBK-1 and IKK-epsilon to mediate activation of IRF-3 and finally induction of the IFN-beta promoter and several other target genes, for example CXCL10 [71,72].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c183 : 1
stoichiometry:c184 : 1
stoichiometry:c185 : 1
m31*m18998*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14556004 TRIF is recruited selectively by TLR3 and TLR4, although TLR4 requires a fourth adapter molecule, TRAM, to link it to TRIF [70].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c186 : 1
stoichiometry:c187 : 1
stoichiometry:c188 : 1
m104*m1872*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16621716, 11698465 This pathway again utilizes TRAF3, which interacts with TBK-1 and IKK-epsilon to mediate activation of IRF-3 and finally induction of the IFN-beta promoter and several other target genes, for example CXCL10 [71,72].
p64
p64
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c189 : 1
stoichiometry:c190 : 1
stoichiometry:c191 : 1
stoichiometry:c192 : 1
m105*m1599*m3902*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16621716, 11698465 This pathway again utilizes TRAF3, which interacts with TBK-1 and IKK-epsilon to mediate activation of IRF-3 and finally induction of the IFN-beta promoter and several other target genes, for example CXCL10 [71,72].
p65
p65
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c193 : 1
stoichiometry:c194 : 1
stoichiometry:c195 : 1
m977*m106*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16621716, 11698465 This pathway again utilizes TRAF3, which interacts with TBK-1 and IKK-epsilon to mediate activation of IRF-3 and finally induction of the IFN-beta promoter and several other target genes, for example CXCL10 [71,72].
p66
p66
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c197 : 1
stoichiometry:c196 : 1
stoichiometry:c198 : 1
m977*m103*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16621716, 11698465 This pathway again utilizes TRAF3, which interacts with TBK-1 and IKK-epsilon to mediate activation of IRF-3 and finally induction of the IFN-beta promoter and several other target genes, for example CXCL10 [71,72].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c201 : 1
stoichiometry:c199 : 1
m107*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16621716, 11698465 This pathway again utilizes TRAF3, which interacts with TBK-1 and IKK-epsilon to mediate activation of IRF-3 and finally induction of the IFN-beta promoter and several other target genes, for example CXCL10 [71,72].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c200 : 1
stoichiometry:c202 : 1
m107*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16621716, 11698465 This pathway again utilizes TRAF3, which interacts with TBK-1 and IKK-epsilon to mediate activation of IRF-3 and finally induction of the IFN-beta promoter and several other target genes, for example CXCL10 [71,72].
p69
p69
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c207 : 1
stoichiometry:c209 : 1
stoichiometry:c206 : 1
stoichiometry:c208 : 1
m86*m108*m109*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 15064760 TRIF also directly interacts with TRAF6, leading to NF-kappaB and MAP kinase activation, and with receptor-interacting protein (RIP) 1, a kinase thought to play a critical role in NF-kappaB activation [73].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c11 : 1
stoichiometry:c13 : 1
stoichiometry:c21 : 1
m12*m13*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c203 : 1
stoichiometry:c241 : 1
stoichiometry:c205 : 1
m18998*m83*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 15064760 TRIF also directly interacts with TRAF6, leading to NF-kappaB and MAP kinase activation, and with receptor-interacting protein (RIP) 1, a kinase thought to play a critical role in NF-kappaB activation [73].
p71
p71
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c210 : 1
stoichiometry:c211 : 1
stoichiometry:c212 : 1
m109*m88*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 15064760 TRIF also directly interacts with TRAF6, leading to NF-kappaB and MAP kinase activation, and with receptor-interacting protein (RIP) 1, a kinase thought to play a critical role in NF-kappaB activation [73].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c153 : 1
stoichiometry:c154 : 1
stoichiometry:c213 : 1
m1872*m92*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16306937, 16306936, 15361868 In addition, TLR7 and TLR9 signalling via MyD88 can induce the type I interferons (IFNs) in a cascade also involving TRAF3 [62,63] and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7, which translocates to the nucleus and induces the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta promoters [64,65].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c217 : 1
stoichiometry:c218 : 1
stoichiometry:c219 : 1
m1872*m93*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16306937, 16306936, 15361868 In addition, TLR7 and TLR9 signalling via MyD88 can induce the type I interferons (IFNs) in a cascade also involving TRAF3 [62,63] and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7, which translocates to the nucleus and induces the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta promoters [64,65].
p74
p74
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c215 : 1
stoichiometry:c220 : 1
stoichiometry:c216 : 1
m980*m111*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16306937, 16306936, 15361868 In addition, TLR7 and TLR9 signalling via MyD88 can induce the type I interferons (IFNs) in a cascade also involving TRAF3 [62,63] and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7, which translocates to the nucleus and induces the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta promoters [64,65].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c226 : 1
stoichiometry:c221 : 1
m72*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10751418, 9673235 Cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 are often held to be principal exemplars of the panel of proinflammatory mediators produced in response to TLR stimuli; however, chemokine genes actually show the strongest gene induction [77,80].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c227 : 1
stoichiometry:c222 : 1
m72*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10751418, 9673235 Cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 are often held to be principal exemplars of the panel of proinflammatory mediators produced in response to TLR stimuli; however, chemokine genes actually show the strongest gene induction [77,80].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c228 : 1
stoichiometry:c223 : 1
m72*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10751418, 9673235 Cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 are often held to be principal exemplars of the panel of proinflammatory mediators produced in response to TLR stimuli; however, chemokine genes actually show the strongest gene induction [77,80].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c229 : 1
stoichiometry:c224 : 1
m72*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10751418, 8558063, 9242519 CXCL8 and CXCL2/3 are the main CXC family members released in response to TLR activation [77], and are chemotactic primarily for neutrophils augmenting their degranulation, adhesion and microbicidal activity [82]; however, they can also influence T cell, basophil, eosinophil, NK cell and endothelial cell chemotaxis [81].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c230 : 1
stoichiometry:c225 : 1
m72*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10751418, 8558063, 9242519 CXCL8 and CXCL2/3 are the main CXC family members released in response to TLR activation [77], and are chemotactic primarily for neutrophils augmenting their degranulation, adhesion and microbicidal activity [82]; however, they can also influence T cell, basophil, eosinophil, NK cell and endothelial cell chemotaxis [81].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c15 : 1
stoichiometry:c20 : 1
stoichiometry:c17 : 1
m155666*m14*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c231 : 1
stoichiometry:c232 : 1
stoichiometry:c233 : 1
m95*m3965*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16316467 the synthetic viral mimic poly(I:C), which activates TLR3, augments expression of TLR1 and TLR2, receptors that mediate bacterial responses [78].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c236 : 1
stoichiometry:c234 : 1
m114*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16316467 the synthetic viral mimic poly(I:C), which activates TLR3, augments expression of TLR1 and TLR2, receptors that mediate bacterial responses [78].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c237 : 1
stoichiometry:c235 : 1
m114*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 16316467 the synthetic viral mimic poly(I:C), which activates TLR3, augments expression of TLR1 and TLR2, receptors that mediate bacterial responses [78].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c239 : 1
stoichiometry:c238 : 1
m72*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 10751418, 8558063, 9242519 CXCL8 and CXCL2/3 are the main CXC family members released in response to TLR activation [77], and are chemotactic primarily for neutrophils augmenting their degranulation, adhesion and microbicidal activity [82]; however, they can also influence T cell, basophil, eosinophil, NK cell and endothelial cell chemotaxis [81].
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c25 : 1
stoichiometry:c29 : 1
stoichiometry:c27 : 1
m22*m13*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 17223959, 14978119, 11673543, 12935358 TLR2 acts as a heterodimer in concert with either TLR1 or TLR6, to mediate responses to moieties including lipoproteins and lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from Gram-positive bacteria [18] and rare lipopolysaccharide (LPS) species [19], and lipoarabinomannan from mycobacteria [20].
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputInhibitor
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--