Original Literature | Model OverView |
---|---|
Publication
Title
Interferons at age 50: past, current and future impact on biomedicine.
Affiliation
Taussig Cancer Center, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mellen Center forMultiple Sclerosis, and Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, 9500Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. bordene@ccf.org
Abstract
The family of interferon (IFN) proteins has now more than reached the potentialenvisioned by early discovering virologists: IFNs are not only antivirals with aspectrum of clinical effectiveness against both RNA and DNA viruses, but arealso the prototypic biological response modifiers for oncology, and showeffectiveness in suppressing manifestations of multiple sclerosis. Studies ofIFNs have resulted in fundamental insights into cellular signalling mechanisms,gene transcription and innate and acquired immunity. Further elucidation of themultitude of IFN-induced genes, as well as drug development strategies targetingIFN production via the activation of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), will almostcertainly lead to newer and more efficacious therapeutics. Our goal is to offera molecular and clinical perspective that will enable IFNs or their TLR agonistinducers to reach their full clinical potential.
PMID
18049472
|
Entity
Process
IFN-beta
--
G010228
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
csml-variable:Double
m93217
10
infinite
0
TRANSFAC | G010228 |
--
p38
--
MO000000022
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m49
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000022 |
--
PI3K
--
MO000000030
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m40
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000030 |
--
AKT
--
MO000000048
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m131
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000048 |
--
NF-kappaB
--
MO000000058
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m138
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000058 |
--
IKK
--
MO000000248
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m207
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000248 |
--
p50:RelA-p65:IkappaB-alpha{p}
--
MO000000254
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m208
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000254 |
--
TNF-alpha
--
MO000000289
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m230
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR003636 |
TRANSPATH | MO000000289 |
--
PKR
--
MO000008179
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1055
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000719 |
TRANSPATH | MO000008179 |
--
STAT1
--
MO000013119
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1357
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR008967 |
TRANSPATH | MO000013119 |
--
STAT3
--
MO000013122
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1360
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR008967 |
TRANSPATH | MO000013122 |
--
VEGF family
--
MO000014520
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m1553
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000014520 |
--
IL-1beta
--
MO000016597
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m1591
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000016597 |
--
p50:RelA-p65
--
MO000016632
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1617
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000016632 |
--
IFN Type I
--
MO000016658
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1634
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000016658 |
--
IFNbeta
--
MO000016660
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1636
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000471 |
TRANSPATH | MO000016660 |
--
IFNgamma: IFNgamma
--
MO000016665
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1639
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR002069 |
TRANSPATH | MO000016665 |
--
Caspase-8
--
MO000016900
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1815
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000016900 |
--
Caspase-10
--
MO000016906
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1821
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000016906 |
--
TRAF3
--
MO000016963
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m1872
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR001841 |
TRANSPATH | MO000016963 |
--
SOCS/CIS family
--
MO000017115
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m2002
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000017115 |
--
MHC class II
--
MO000017268
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m2124
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000017268 |
--
Apo2L
--
MO000017871
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m2615
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR003636 |
TRANSPATH | MO000017871 |
--
TBK1
--
MO000019331
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m3902
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000719 |
TRANSPATH | MO000019331 |
--
AKT{p}
--
MO000019343
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m3914
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000019343 |
--
protein remnants
--
MO000019479
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m360980
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000019479 |
--
dsRNA
--
MO000022224
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m119368
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000022224 |
--
eIF-2alpha
--
MO000022570
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m6843
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR003029 |
TRANSPATH | MO000022570 |
--
MKK4{p}
--
MO000038341
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m16555
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000038341 |
--
STAT1{pS727}
--
MO000038375
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m16585
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000038375 |
--
p50:RelA-p65:IkappaB-alpha
--
MO000038724
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m16910
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000038724 |
--
dsRNA:TLR3: TLR3 {p}: CD14: TRIF
--
MO000041437
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m19305
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000041437 |
--
dsRNA:TLR3
--
MO000041446
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m19314
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000041446 |
--
IRF-3{p}
--
MO000041456
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m19324
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000041456 |
--
TLR8: TLR8
--
MO000042007
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m19823
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000042007 |
--
TLR9: TLR9
--
MO000042012
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m19828
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000042012 |
--
TLR7 : TLR7
--
MO000042126
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m19940
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000042126 |
--
RIG-1 {activated}
--
MO000066987
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m41844
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000066987 |
--
Mda-5 {activated}
--
MO000103999
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m76904
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000103999 |
--
--
e1
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m1
0
infinite
0
--
--
e10
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m10
0
infinite
0
--
IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2
--
e100
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m104
0
infinite
0
--
IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2: IFNalpha
--
e101
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_ExternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m105
0
infinite
0
--
IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2: IFNbeta
--
e102
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m106
0
infinite
0
--
IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2: IFNomega
--
e103
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m107
0
infinite
0
--
IFNkappa: IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2
--
e104
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m108
0
infinite
0
--
IFNepsilon: IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2
--
e105
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m109
0
infinite
0
--
IFNtheta: IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2
--
e106
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m110
0
infinite
0
--
IFNtau: IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2
--
e107
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m111
0
infinite
0
--
IFN Type I: IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2
--
e108
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m112
0
infinite
0
--
2IFNGR1: 2IFNGR2: 2JAK2: 2JAK1
--
e109
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m113
0
infinite
0
--
--
e11
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m11
0
infinite
0
--
IFNgamma: IFNgamma: 2IFNGR1: 2IFNGR2: 2JAK2: 2JAK1
--
e110
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m114
0
infinite
0
--
IFNlambda
--
e111
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m115
0
infinite
0
--
IFNlambda: IFNLR1: IL10R2: JAK1: Tyk2
--
e112
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m116
0
infinite
0
--
STAT1: STAT2: IRF9
--
e113
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m117
0
infinite
0
--
IFNLR1: IL10R2: JAK1: Tyk2
--
e114
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m118
0
infinite
0
--
IFN Type I: IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1 {p}: TYK2
--
e115
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m119
0
infinite
0
--
TNFSF10
--
e116
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m120
0
infinite
0
--
IFN Type I: IFNAR1{p}: IFNAR2 {p}: JAK1 {p}: TYK2
--
e117
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m121
0
infinite
0
--
IFNlambda: IFNLR1: IL10R2: JAK1 {p}: Tyk2
--
e118
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m122
0
infinite
0
--
IFNlambda: IFNLR1 {p}: IL10R2 {p}: JAK1 {p}: Tyk2
--
e119
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m123
0
infinite
0
--
TLR1: TLR2
--
e12
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_ExternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m12
0
infinite
0
--
IFNgamma: IFNgamma: 2IFNGR1: 2IFNGR2: 2JAK2 {p}: 2JAK1 [p}
--
e120
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m124
0
infinite
0
--
IFNgamma: IFNgamma: 2IFNGR1 {p}: 2IFNGR2 {p}: 2JAK2 {p}: 2JAK1 [p}
--
e121
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m125
0
infinite
0
--
STAT1 [p}: STAT2 {p}: IRF9
--
e122
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m126
0
infinite
0
--
IFNgamma: IFNgamma: 2IFNGR1 {p}: 2IFNGR2 {p}: 2JAK2 {p}: 2JAK1 [p}: STAT1: STAT3
--
e123
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m127
0
infinite
0
--
IFNgamma: IFNgamma: 2IFNGR1 {p}: 2IFNGR2 {p}: 2JAK2 {p}: 2JAK1 [p}: STAT1 [p}: STAT3 {p}
--
e124
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m128
0
infinite
0
--
IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2: PI3K
--
e125
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m129
0
infinite
0
--
IFNAR1: IFNAR2: JAK1: TYK2: PI3K: IFN Type I
--
e126
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m130
0
infinite
0
--
CXCL11
--
e127
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
csml-variable:Double
m132
0
infinite
0
--
STAT3 {activated}
--
e128
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m133
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR008967 |
TRANSPATH | MO000013122 |
--
PI3K {activated}
--
e129
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m134
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000030 |
--
TLR6: TLR2
--
e13
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_ExternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m13
0
infinite
0
--
--
e130
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_MitochondrialChromosome
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m136
0
infinite
0
--
--
e131
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_MitochondrialCentromere
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m137
0
infinite
0
--
NF-kappaB {p}
--
e132
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m139
0
infinite
0
--
ERK {activated}
--
e133
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m141
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000011 |
--
AP-1 {p}
--
e134
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m142
0
infinite
0
--
PU.1{p}
--
e135
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m143
0
infinite
0
--
STAT3: NF-kappaB
--
e136
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m144
0
infinite
0
--
OASs [actiavted}
--
e137
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m145
0
infinite
0
--
OASs
--
e138
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m146
0
infinite
0
--
ATP
--
e139
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m147
0
infinite
0
--
Lipoteichoic acid
--
e14
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m14
0
infinite
0
--
2'-to-5' linked oligoadenylate of 3?6 bases
--
e140
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m148
0
infinite
0
--
2-5A: RNASEL
--
e141
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m149
0
infinite
0
--
2-5A: RNASEL: RNASEL
--
e142
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m150
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m151
0
infinite
0
--
RNA degradation products
--
e144
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m152
0
infinite
0
--
PKR {activated}
--
e147
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m155
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000719 |
TRANSPATH | MO000008179 |
--
GDP
--
e148
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m156
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m157
0
infinite
0
--
Lp: TLR1: TLR2
--
e15
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m15
0
infinite
0
--
: EIF2B
--
e150
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m158
0
infinite
0
--
p56: eIF3
--
e153
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m161
0
infinite
0
--
p54: eIF3
--
e154
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m162
0
infinite
0
--
p54
--
e155
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m163
0
infinite
0
--
HCV mRNA
--
e156
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m164
0
infinite
0
--
GIP3
--
e157
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m165
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m166
10
infinite
0
Affymetrix | 110312_at |
Ensembl | ENSMUSG00000037405 |
MGD | Icam1 |
Proteome | HumanPSD/Icam1 |
RefSeq | NM_010493 |
TRANSFAC | G005278 |
Unigene | Mm.25455 |
--
IFN
--
e159
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
csml-variable:Double
m167
0
infinite
0
--
Lipoteichoic acid: TLR6: TLR2
--
e16
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m16
0
infinite
0
--
CIITA
--
e160
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m168
0
infinite
0
--
S1PR
--
e161
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m169
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m170
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m171
10
infinite
0
Affymetrix | 102492_f_at |
Ensembl | ENSMUSG00000017737 |
MGD | Mmp9 |
Proteome | HumanPSD/Mmp9 |
RefSeq | NM_013599 |
TRANSFAC | G037540 |
Unigene | Mm.391876 |
--
csml-variable:Double
m172
10
infinite
0
Proteome | HumanPSD/Fasn |
RGD | Fasn |
RefSeq | NM_017332 |
TRANSFAC | G001019 |
Unigene | Rn.13960 |
--
APO2L
--
e165
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m173
0
infinite
0
--
XIAP: p53: XAF1
--
e166
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m174
0
infinite
0
--
caspase
--
e167
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m175
0
infinite
0
--
caspase {activated}
--
e168
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m176
0
infinite
0
--
tumour-associated antigens
--
e169
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m177
0
infinite
0
--
TLR4: TLR4
--
e17
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m17
0
infinite
0
--
carcinoembryonic antigen
--
e170
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m178
0
infinite
0
--
TAG72
--
e171
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m179
0
infinite
0
--
PKC {p}
--
e172
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m180
0
infinite
0
--
--
e173
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_MitochondrialIntermembraneSpace
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m181
0
infinite
0
--
--
e174
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Mitochondria
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m182
0
infinite
0
--
--
e175
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_MitochondrialInnerMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m184
0
infinite
0
--
--
e176
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_MitochondrialEnvelope
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m185
0
infinite
0
--
--
e177
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_MitochondrialLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m186
0
infinite
0
--
--
e178
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_MitochondrialOuterMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m187
0
infinite
0
--
--
e179
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_MitochondrialMatrix
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m188
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR4: TLR4
--
e18
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m18
0
infinite
0
--
flagellin: TLR5
--
e19
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m19
0
infinite
0
--
--
e2
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_ExternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m2
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA
--
e20
cso30:c:Rna
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
csml-variable:Double
m20
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA: RIG-1 {activated}
--
e21
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m21
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA: Mda-5 {activated}
--
e22
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m22
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m23
0
infinite
0
--
TLR ligand: TLR
--
e24
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m24
0
infinite
0
--
IFN
--
e25
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
csml-variable:Double
m25
0
infinite
0
--
IPS-1
--
e26
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m26
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA: RIG-1{activated}: IPS-1
--
e27
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m27
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA: Mda-5 {activated}: IPS-1
--
e28
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m28
0
infinite
0
--
CpG DNA
--
e29
cso30:c:Dna
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m29
0
infinite
0
--
--
e3
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m3
0
infinite
0
--
CpG DNA: TLR9: TLR9
--
e30
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m30
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA: TLR8: TLR8
--
e31
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m31
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA: TLR7 : TLR7
--
e32
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeMembrane
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m32
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m33
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3 {p}
--
e34
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
csml-variable:Double
m34
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3: TLR3 {p}
--
e35
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
csml-variable:Double
m35
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3: TLR3 {p}: CD14
--
e36
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
csml-variable:Double
m36
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3: TLR3 {p}: CD14: TRIF: TRAF3: TBK1: IKK-i
--
e37
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m37
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3: TLR3 {p}: PI3K
--
e38
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m38
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3: TLR3 {p}: CD14: TRIF: TRAF3: TBK1: IKK-i: IRF-3
--
e39
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m39
0
infinite
0
--
--
e4
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_InternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m4
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3: TLR3 {p}: CD14: TRIF: TRAF3: TBK1: IKK-i: IRF-3 {p}
--
e40
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m41
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3: TLR3 {p}: CD14: TRIF: TRAF6: TAK1
--
e42
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m43
0
infinite
0
--
IKK {activated}
--
e43
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m44
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000248 |
--
ATF2 {activated}
--
e45
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m46
10
infinite
0
TRANSFAC | T10236 |
TRANSPATH | MO000057404 |
--
JNK {activated}
--
e46
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m48
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000023 |
--
p38 {activated}
--
e47
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m63
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000022 |
--
c-Jun {activated}
--
e48
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m65
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR002112 |
TRANSPATH | MO000000049 |
--
--
e5
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_EndosomeLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m5
0
infinite
0
--
--
e50
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearEnvelopeLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m50
0
infinite
0
--
--
e51
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearPore
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m51
0
infinite
0
--
--
e52
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearInnerMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m52
0
infinite
0
--
--
e53
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m53
0
infinite
0
--
--
e54
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearOuterMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m54
0
infinite
0
--
--
e55
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleus
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m55
0
infinite
0
--
--
e56
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m56
0
infinite
0
--
--
e57
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearBody
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m57
0
infinite
0
--
--
e58
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleolus
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m58
0
infinite
0
--
--
e59
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearEnvelope
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m59
0
infinite
0
--
--
e6
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Endosome
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m6
0
infinite
0
--
--
e60
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Chromatin
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m60
0
infinite
0
--
--
e61
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearChromosome
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m61
0
infinite
0
--
--
e62
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearCentromere
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m62
0
infinite
0
--
p50:RelA-p65 {nucleus}
--
e64
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m68
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000016632 |
--
p50: RelA-p65: target genes
--
e65
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m69
0
infinite
0
--
c-Jun: target genes
--
e66
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m70
0
infinite
0
--
ATF2: target genes
--
e67
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m71
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3: TLR3 {p}: CD14: TRIF: TRAF3: TBK1: IKK-i
--
e68
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m72
0
infinite
0
--
IRF-3: IRF-3{p} {nucleus}
--
e69
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m73
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000041456 |
--
--
e7
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cell
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m7
0
infinite
0
--
IRF3{p}: target genes
--
e70
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m74
0
infinite
0
--
TRAF3 {activated}
--
e71
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m75
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR001841 |
TRANSPATH | MO000016963 |
--
TRAF6: TAK1
--
e73
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m77
0
infinite
0
--
TRAF6: TAK1 {activated}
--
e74
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m78
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA: RIG-1 {activated}: IPS-1: FADD
--
e75
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m79
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA: Mda-5 {activated}: IPS-1: FADD
--
e76
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m80
0
infinite
0
--
Caspase-10 [activated}
--
e77
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m81
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000016906 |
--
Caspase-8 {activated}
--
e78
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m82
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000016900 |
--
TBK1 {activated}
--
e79
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m83
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR000719 |
TRANSPATH | MO000019331 |
--
--
e8
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cell_WithoutCellWall_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m8
0
infinite
0
--
LPS: TLR4: TLR4: TRIF
--
e80
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
csml-variable:Double
m84
0
infinite
0
--
IRF-3: IRF-3 {p}
--
e81
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m85
0
infinite
0
--
HCV protease
--
e88
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m92
0
infinite
0
--
NS1
--
e89
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m93
0
infinite
0
--
--
e9
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cytoplasm
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m9
0
infinite
0
--
NS1: RIG-1 {activated}
--
e90
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m94
0
infinite
0
--
quinolinamine imiquimod
--
e91
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m95
0
infinite
0
--
quinolinamine imiquimod: TLR7: TLR7
--
e92
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m96
0
infinite
0
--
csml-variable:Double
m97
0
infinite
0
--
IFNkappa
--
e96
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m100
0
infinite
0
--
IFNepsilon
--
e97
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m101
0
infinite
0
--
IFNtheta
--
e98
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m102
0
infinite
0
--
IFNtau
--
e99
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m103
0
infinite
0
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c1 : 1
stoichiometry:c6 : 1
stoichiometry:c2 : 1
m2549*m12*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 It was also shown that microbial nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides or proteins trigger induction of IFNs through activation of TLRs.
p10
p10
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c27 : 1
stoichiometry:c53 : 1
stoichiometry:c29 : 1
m18998*m36*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 TLR3 dimerizes, binds to CD14 and activates the signalling complex assembled by TLR adaptor molecule 1 (TRIF).
p100
p100
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c275 : 1
stoichiometry:c277 : 1
stoichiometry:c276 : 1
m131*m134*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17969446 Serine 727 of STAT1 is phosphorylated in response to IFN-gamma by the kinase cascade PI3K¡½AKT¡½PKC¡½MKK4¡½p38 (MKK4, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; also known as MAP2K4), with some variation in the activation of different PKC or MKK proteins in different cells.
p101
p101
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c278 : 1
stoichiometry:c279 : 1
stoichiometry:c281 : 1
m135*m3914*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17969446 Serine 727 of STAT1 is phosphorylated in response to IFN-gamma by the kinase cascade PI3K¡½AKT¡½PKC¡½MKK4¡½p38 (MKK4, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; also known as MAP2K4), with some variation in the activation of different PKC or MKK proteins in different cells.
p102
p102
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c280 : 1
stoichiometry:c282 : 1
stoichiometry:c286 : 1
m1832*m180*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17969446 Serine 727 of STAT1 is phosphorylated in response to IFN-gamma by the kinase cascade PI3K¡½AKT¡½PKC¡½MKK4¡½p38 (MKK4, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; also known as MAP2K4), with some variation in the activation of different PKC or MKK proteins in different cells.
p103
p103
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c284 : 1
stoichiometry:c283 : 1
stoichiometry:c285 : 1
m49*m16555*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17969446 Serine 727 of STAT1 is phosphorylated in response to IFN-gamma by the kinase cascade PI3K¡½AKT¡½PKC¡½MKK4¡½p38 (MKK4, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; also known as MAP2K4), with some variation in the activation of different PKC or MKK proteins in different cells.
p104
p104
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c287 : 1
stoichiometry:c289 : 1
stoichiometry:c288 : 1
m1357*m63*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17969446 Serine 727 of STAT1 is phosphorylated in response to IFN-gamma by the kinase cascade PI3K¡½AKT¡½PKC¡½MKK4¡½p38 (MKK4, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; also known as MAP2K4), with some variation in the activation of different PKC or MKK proteins in different cells.
p105
p105
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c290 : 1
stoichiometry:c291 : 1
stoichiometry:c292 : 1
m138*m134*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IFN-dependent activation of PI3K, extracellular response kinases (ERKs) and p38 stimulates the phosphorylation of NFkappaB (but not IkappaB), AP-1 and possibly PU.1, respectively.
p106
p106
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c293 : 1
stoichiometry:c294 : 1
m140*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IFN-dependent activation of PI3K, extracellular response kinases (ERKs) and p38 stimulates the phosphorylation of NFkappaB (but not IkappaB), AP-1 and possibly PU.1, respectively.
p107
p107
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c296 : 1
stoichiometry:c300 : 1
stoichiometry:c301 : 1
m141*m219*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IFN-dependent activation of PI3K, extracellular response kinases (ERKs) and p38 stimulates the phosphorylation of NFkappaB (but not IkappaB), AP-1 and possibly PU.1, respectively.
p108
p108
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c298 : 1
stoichiometry:c299 : 1
m49*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IFN-dependent activation of PI3K, extracellular response kinases (ERKs) and p38 stimulates the phosphorylation of NFkappaB (but not IkappaB), AP-1 and possibly PU.1, respectively.
p109
p109
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c302 : 1
stoichiometry:c304 : 1
stoichiometry:c303 : 1
m15836*m63*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IFN-dependent activation of PI3K, extracellular response kinases (ERKs) and p38 stimulates the phosphorylation of NFkappaB (but not IkappaB), AP-1 and possibly PU.1, respectively.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c33 : 1
stoichiometry:c34 : 1
stoichiometry:c179 : 1
stoichiometry:c35 : 1
m22*m26*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The cytoplasmic RNA helicases RIG-I and MDA5 recognize dsRNA or 5' triphosphorylated single-stranded (ss) RNA and use the mitochondrial membrane-bound protein IFN-beta-promoter stimulator 1 (IPS1; also known as VISA) as the specific adaptor. PMID: 18049472, 15710892 For example, a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-encoded protease can cleave IPS1 off the mitochondrial membrane and block RIG-I/MDA5-mediated signalling.
p110
p110
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c274 : 1
stoichiometry:c295 : 1
m40*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IFN-dependent activation of PI3K, extracellular response kinases (ERKs) and p38 stimulates the phosphorylation of NFkappaB (but not IkappaB), AP-1 and possibly PU.1, respectively.
p111
p111
cso30:i:ME_ProteasomeDegradation
cso30:i:CC_Cytoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c297 : 1
stoichiometry:c310 : 1
stoichiometry:c307 : 1
m2002*m104*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 15032587 SOCS inhibit receptor signalling both by directly inhibiting JAKs and by targeting the receptor complex for proteasomal degradation.
p112
p112
cso30:i:ME_ProteasomeDegradation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c305 : 1
stoichiometry:c311 : 1
stoichiometry:c308 : 1
m2002*m118*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 15032587 SOCS inhibit receptor signalling both by directly inhibiting JAKs and by targeting the receptor complex for proteasomal degradation.
p113
p113
cso30:i:ME_ProteasomeDegradation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c306 : 1
stoichiometry:c312 : 1
stoichiometry:c309 : 1
m2002*m113*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 15032587 SOCS inhibit receptor signalling both by directly inhibiting JAKs and by targeting the receptor complex for proteasomal degradation.
p114
p114
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c313 : 1
stoichiometry:c315 : 1
stoichiometry:c314 : 1
m1360*m871*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 STAT1 is activated in response to both type I and type II IFNs and STAT3 is activated in response to gp130 cytokines such as IL6.
p115
p115
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c316 : 1
stoichiometry:c317 : 1
stoichiometry:c318 : 1
m138*m1360*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17510282 For example, unphosphorylated STAT3 activates a subset of kappaB-dependent genes by forming a complex with NFkappaB.
p116
p116
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c319 : 1
stoichiometry:c321 : 1
stoichiometry:c320 : 1
m146*m119368*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 272640 Viral dsRNA can directly activate one of several human OAS proteins to produce a unique 2'-to-5' linked oligoadenylate of 3?6 bases (2?5A) from ATP.
p117
p117
cso30:i:ME_UnknownProduction
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c322 : 1
stoichiometry:c323 : 1
stoichiometry:c324 : 1
m145*m147*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 272640 Viral dsRNA can directly activate one of several human OAS proteins to produce a unique 2'-to-5' linked oligoadenylate of 3?6 bases (2?5A) from ATP.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c325 : 1
stoichiometry:c326 : 1
stoichiometry:c327 : 1
m148*m36179*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 7876164, 6162102, 6165080 2?5A binding to RNASEL induces monomeric, inactive RNASEL to dimerize into a potent endoribonuclease that cleaves single-stranded regions of RNA on the 3' side of UpUp and UpAp dinucleotides.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c328 : 1
stoichiometry:c329 : 1
m149*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 7876164, 6162102, 6165080 2?5A binding to RNASEL induces monomeric, inactive RNASEL to dimerize into a potent endoribonuclease that cleaves single-stranded regions of RNA on the 3' side of UpUp and UpAp dinucleotides. PMID: 18049472, 7680958 The only well-established function of 2?5A is activation of the ubiquitous, latent enzyme, RNASEL.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c30 : 1
stoichiometry:c31 : 1
stoichiometry:c178 : 1
stoichiometry:c183 : 1
stoichiometry:c32 : 1
m21*m26*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The cytoplasmic RNA helicases RIG-I and MDA5 recognize dsRNA or 5' triphosphorylated single-stranded (ss) RNA and use the mitochondrial membrane-bound protein IFN-beta-promoter stimulator 1 (IPS1; also known as VISA) as the specific adaptor. PMID: 18049472, 15710892 For example, a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-encoded protease can cleave IPS1 off the mitochondrial membrane and block RIG-I/MDA5-mediated signalling. PMID: 18049472, 17038589 NS1 protein of influenza viruses prevents establishment of an antiviral state through the interaction with RIG-I.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c330 : 1
stoichiometry:c331 : 1
stoichiometry:c333 : 1
m151*m150*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 7876164, 6162102, 6165080 2?5A binding to RNASEL induces monomeric, inactive RNASEL to dimerize into a potent endoribonuclease that cleaves single-stranded regions of RNA on the 3' side of UpUp and UpAp dinucleotides. PMID: 18049472, 17804500 The OAS?RNASEL pathway can inhibit the replication of encephalomyocarditis virus, Coxsackie virus B4, West Nile virus, some retroviruses and HCV.
PMID: 18049472, 9351818, 10200477, 9294150 Furthermore, degradation of cellular mRNA and rRNA by RNASEL damages the host cell machinery that is required for viral replication and can result in apoptosis, contributing to both antiviral and antitumour actions.
p122
p122
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c334 : 1
stoichiometry:c335 : 1
stoichiometry:c336 : 1
m153*m152*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17653195 RNASEL also cleaves self-RNA into small degradation products that activate the recognition receptors, RIG-I and MDA5, to induce IFN-beta, similar to that of non-self viral RNA90, thus perpetuating and amplifying the production of IFN-beta.
p123
p123
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c337 : 1
stoichiometry:c338 : 1
stoichiometry:c339 : 1
m154*m152*0.1
nodelay
--
0
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c348 : 1
stoichiometry:c340 : 1
m22*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17653195 RNASEL also cleaves self-RNA into small degradation products that activate the recognition receptors, RIG-I and MDA5, to induce IFN-beta, similar to that of non-self viral RNA90, thus perpetuating and amplifying the production of IFN-beta.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c346 : 1
stoichiometry:c341 : 1
m21*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17653195 RNASEL also cleaves self-RNA into small degradation products that activate the recognition receptors, RIG-I and MDA5, to induce IFN-beta, similar to that of non-self viral RNA90, thus perpetuating and amplifying the production of IFN-beta.
p126
p126
cso30:i:ME_Translation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c343 : 1
stoichiometry:c347 : 1
stoichiometry:c345 : 1
m93217*m21*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17653195 RNASEL also cleaves self-RNA into small degradation products that activate the recognition receptors, RIG-I and MDA5, to induce IFN-beta, similar to that of non-self viral RNA90, thus perpetuating and amplifying the production of IFN-beta.
p127
p127
cso30:i:ME_Translation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c342 : 1
stoichiometry:c349 : 1
stoichiometry:c344 : 1
m93217*m22*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17653195 RNASEL also cleaves self-RNA into small degradation products that activate the recognition receptors, RIG-I and MDA5, to induce IFN-beta, similar to that of non-self viral RNA90, thus perpetuating and amplifying the production of IFN-beta.
p128
p128
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cell_WithoutCellWall_
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c350 : 1
stoichiometry:c352 : 1
stoichiometry:c351 : 1
m1055*m119368*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 1004583, 283387 The dsRNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) and OAS were the first enzymes identified that uniquely respond to IFNs.
p129
p129
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c353 : 1
stoichiometry:c355 : 1
stoichiometry:c354 : 1
m1055*m6814*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 9687506 In addition, the cellular protein PACT (also known as PRKRA) activates PKR in the absence of dsRNA.
p13
p13
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c36 : 1
stoichiometry:c38 : 1
stoichiometry:c39 : 1
m20*m19940*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID; 18049472, 17190786 Other nucleic acids such as ssRNA, acting through TLR7 and TLR8, and bacterial oligodeoxyribonucleotides, acting through TLR9, are also potent inducers. PMID: 18049472 They also function as dimers and recognize double-stranded (ds) RNA, single-stranded (ss) RNA or dsDNA containing CpG sequences. GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinisotol; LPS, lipopolysaccharide.
p130
p130
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c356 : 1
stoichiometry:c358 : 1
stoichiometry:c357 : 1
m6843*m155*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 PKR mediates translational control by phosphorylating the protein synthesis initiation factor EIF2alpha, resulting in an inactive complex between EIF2?GDP and the recycling factor, EIF2B.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c359 : 1
stoichiometry:c360 : 1
stoichiometry:c362 : 1
stoichiometry:c361 : 1
m157*m156*m159*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 PKR mediates translational control by phosphorylating the protein synthesis initiation factor EIF2alpha, resulting in an inactive complex between EIF2?GDP and the recycling factor, EIF2B.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c363 : 1
stoichiometry:c364 : 1
stoichiometry:c365 : 1
m1377*m160*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 p56 and p54 bind to different subunits of EIF3 and block some of its diverse functions.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c366 : 1
stoichiometry:c368 : 1
stoichiometry:c367 : 1
m160*m163*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 p56 and p54 bind to different subunits of EIF3 and block some of its diverse functions.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c369 : 1
stoichiometry:c370 : 1
m164*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18048472, 10224285, 11410525, 11568006 TRAIL/APO2L is an ISG that contributes to apoptosis and therefore probably to both the antiviral and antitumour effects of IFNs.
p136
p136
cso30:i:CE_CellDeathAnd/OrCellSurvival
cso30:i:CC_Cytoplasm
--
--
PMID: 18049472, 15685448 Although many ISGs promote apoptosis, some promote cell survival. For example, the ISG G1P3 (or 6?16)116, 117 localizes to mitochondria and has anti-apoptotic actions, including inhibition of caspase-3.
p137
p137
cso30:i:ME_UnknownProduction
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c373 : 1
stoichiometry:c374 : 1
m1639*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17579067 MHC class II proteins are selectively upregulated by IFN-gamma, whereas type I IFNs fail to do so owing to the STAT2-dependent induction of SOCS1.
p138
p138
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c376 : 1
stoichiometry:c375 : 1
m126*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17579067 MHC class II proteins are selectively upregulated by IFN-gamma, whereas type I IFNs fail to do so owing to the STAT2-dependent induction of SOCS1.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c377 : 1
stoichiometry:c382 : 1
m230*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IFNs also promote accumulation of leukocytes at sites of pathogen invasion; specifically, IFNs (along with cytokines such as TNFalpha and IL1beta), strongly promote the expression of vascular adhesion molecules including intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1).
p14
p14
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c37 : 1
stoichiometry:c40 : 1
stoichiometry:c41 : 1
m20*m19823*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID; 18049472, 17190786 Other nucleic acids such as ssRNA, acting through TLR7 and TLR8, and bacterial oligodeoxyribonucleotides, acting through TLR9, are also potent inducers. PMID: 18049472 They also function as dimers and recognize double-stranded (ds) RNA, single-stranded (ss) RNA or dsDNA containing CpG sequences. GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinisotol; LPS, lipopolysaccharide.
p140
p140
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c378 : 1
stoichiometry:c381 : 1
m1591*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IFNs also promote accumulation of leukocytes at sites of pathogen invasion; specifically, IFNs (along with cytokines such as TNFalpha and IL1beta), strongly promote the expression of vascular adhesion molecules including intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1).
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c379 : 1
stoichiometry:c380 : 1
m167*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IFNs also promote accumulation of leukocytes at sites of pathogen invasion; specifically, IFNs (along with cytokines such as TNFalpha and IL1beta), strongly promote the expression of vascular adhesion molecules including intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1).
p142
p142
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c423 : 1
stoichiometry:c383 : 1
m1636*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14607926 Type I IFNs also activate p38, and inactivation of p38 blocks induction by IFN-beta of CXCL11 and TNFSF10 (encoding tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, APO2L/TRAIL)68 and of CXCL10 (encoding the chemokine IP-10; also known as IFN-gamma-induced peptide, 10 kDa) in primary leukocytes.
p143
p143
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c386 : 1
stoichiometry:c271 : 1
m167*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 9625760, 2115167, 8798467 As examples, three closely related chemokines involved in accumulation of activated T cells and macrophages are the ISGs CXCL9 (also known as MIG, monokine induced by IFN-gamma); CXCL10 (also known as IP-10, IFN-gamma 10 kD inducible protein); and CXCL11 (also known as I-TAC, interferon-inducible T-cell alpha-chemoattractant)136, 137, 138, 139. True to their names, these chemokines are not expressed in the absence of IFN signalling.
p144
p144
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c387 : 1
stoichiometry:c385 : 1
m1639*0.1
nodelay
--
0
p145
p145
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c390 : 1
stoichiometry:c392 : 1
stoichiometry:c391 : 1
m38334*m169*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 As one example, an IFN-beta ISG product, CD69, forms an inhibitory association with a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR).
p146
p146
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c395 : 1
stoichiometry:c388 : 1
1.0*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 9153530, 9007090, 9007089 Reduction in expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in activated lymphocytes and increased soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM) levels in plasma have also been identified and assigned putative roles in the beneficial effects of IFN-beta for patients with MS.
p147
p147
cso30:i:ME_Translation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c393 : 1
stoichiometry:c394 : 1
stoichiometry:c389 : 1
m93402*m1636*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 9153530, 9007090, 9007089 Reduction in expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in activated lymphocytes and increased soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM) levels in plasma have also been identified and assigned putative roles in the beneficial effects of IFN-beta for patients with MS.
PMID: 18049472, 12766484, 14977850 Induction of apoptosis by the ISG products APO2L/TRAIL and Fas has been identified in many malignant cell types, as has induction of APO2L/TRAIL on immune effector cell surfaces, thus sensitizing tumour cells to T-cell, NK cell and macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c399 : 1
stoichiometry:c398 : 1
m99*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 10417772, 12171874 Intralesional administration of IFN-alpha into basal cell carcinomas increased Fas expression and correlated with regression244. IFN-gamma has increased susceptibility to apoptosis by Fas activators and cytotoxic chemotherapies in many cell types including melanoma and colorectal carcinoma.
p15
p15
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c42 : 1
stoichiometry:c43 : 1
stoichiometry:c44 : 1
m19828*m29*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID; 18049472, 17190786 Other nucleic acids such as ssRNA, acting through TLR7 and TLR8, and bacterial oligodeoxyribonucleotides, acting through TLR9, are also potent inducers. PMID: 18049472 They also function as dimers and recognize double-stranded (ds) RNA, single-stranded (ss) RNA or dsDNA containing CpG sequences. GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinisotol; LPS, lipopolysaccharide.
p150
p150
cso30:i:CE_CellDeathAnd/OrCellSurvival
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
PMID: 18049472, 12029096, 16909101 Through interactions with p53 and the inhibitor of apoptosis, XIAP, the ISG product XAF1 may allow APO2L/TRAIL to fully activate downstream caspases.
p151
p151
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c400 : 1
stoichiometry:c401 : 1
stoichiometry:c402 : 1
stoichiometry:c403 : 1
m2619*m220*m35529*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 12029096, 16909101 Through interactions with p53 and the inhibitor of apoptosis, XIAP, the ISG product XAF1 may allow APO2L/TRAIL to fully activate downstream caspases.
p152
p152
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c405 : 1
stoichiometry:c406 : 1
stoichiometry:c407 : 1
stoichiometry:c408 : 1
m2615*m174*m175*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 12029096, 16909101 Through interactions with p53 and the inhibitor of apoptosis, XIAP, the ISG product XAF1 may allow APO2L/TRAIL to fully activate downstream caspases.
p153
p153
cso30:i:ME_UnknownProduction
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c412 : 1
stoichiometry:c410 : 1
m1639*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 1569446 In addition, IFN-gamma can upregulate the tumour-associated antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen and TAG72, both in vitro and in vivo.
p154
p154
cso30:i:ME_UnknownProduction
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c413 : 1
stoichiometry:c409 : 1
m1639*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 1569446 In addition, IFN-gamma can upregulate the tumour-associated antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen and TAG72, both in vitro and in vivo.
p155
p155
cso30:i:ME_UnknownProduction
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c414 : 1
stoichiometry:c411 : 1
m1639*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 1569446 In addition, IFN-gamma can upregulate the tumour-associated antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen and TAG72, both in vitro and in vivo.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c418 : 1
stoichiometry:c415 : 1
1.0*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 12644537 IFNs also inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein expression by regulating its promoter.
p157
p157
cso30:i:ME_Translation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c417 : 1
stoichiometry:c419 : 1
stoichiometry:c416 : 1
m93629*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 12644537 IFNs also inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein expression by regulating its promoter.
p158
p158
cso30:i:CE_CellProliferation
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
PMID: 18049472, 12881412 In endothelial cells, the ISG product guanylate binding protein 1, interferon-inducible, 67 kDa (GBP1), functioned as an inflammatory response factor inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis in part through MMPs.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c384 : 1
stoichiometry:c424 : 1
m93217*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14607926 Type I IFNs also activate p38, and inactivation of p38 blocks induction by IFN-beta of CXCL11 and TNFSF10 (encoding tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, APO2L/TRAIL)68 and of CXCL10 (encoding the chemokine IP-10; also known as IFN-gamma-induced peptide, 10 kDa) in primary leukocytes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c45 : 1
stoichiometry:c47 : 1
stoichiometry:c46 : 1
m19314*m33*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 TLR3 recognizes dsRNA in the lumen of the endosome, which causes phosphorylation of specific tyrosine residues in TLR3 by an unidentified protein tyrosine kinase (PTK).
p160
p160
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c160 : 1
stoichiometry:c426 : 1
stoichiometry:c425 : 1
m207*m82*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 In addition, they cause apoptosis by activating caspases 8 and 10 through the interaction of FADD with IPS1.
p161
p161
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c63 : 1
stoichiometry:c67 : 1
stoichiometry:c66 : 1
m131*m38*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IRF3 requires further phosphorylation by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (P13K)/AKT pathway for its full activation, which is initiated by binding PI3K to phosphorylated TLR3.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c28 : 1
stoichiometry:c48 : 1
m34*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 TLR3 dimerizes, binds to CD14 and activates the signalling complex assembled by TLR adaptor molecule 1 (TRIF).
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c49 : 1
stoichiometry:c50 : 1
stoichiometry:c51 : 1
m35*m2828*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 TLR3 dimerizes, binds to CD14 and activates the signalling complex assembled by TLR adaptor molecule 1 (TRIF).
p19
p19
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c52 : 1
stoichiometry:c54 : 1
stoichiometry:c56 : 1
stoichiometry:c57 : 1
stoichiometry:c55 : 1
m1872*m19305*m1599*m3902*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Two major pathways bifurcate from TRIF. One, composed of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and TANK-binding kinase (TBK1/IKKE), leads to phosphorylation of the transcription factor IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3).
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c3 : 1
stoichiometry:c4 : 1
stoichiometry:c5 : 1
m14*m13*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 It was also shown that microbial nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides or proteins trigger induction of IFNs through activation of TLRs.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c58 : 1
stoichiometry:c59 : 1
m39*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Two major pathways bifurcate from TRIF. One, composed of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and TANK-binding kinase (TBK1/IKKE), leads to phosphorylation of the transcription factor IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). PMID: 18049472, 16979567 IRFs are activated by the kinases TBK1 or IKK-epsilon activated IRFs then dimerize and translocate to the nucleus.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c60 : 1
stoichiometry:c61 : 1
stoichiometry:c62 : 1
m977*m37*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Two major pathways bifurcate from TRIF. One, composed of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and TANK-binding kinase (TBK1/IKKE), leads to phosphorylation of the transcription factor IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3).
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c64 : 1
stoichiometry:c265 : 1
stoichiometry:c65 : 1
m40*m35*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IRF3 requires further phosphorylation by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (P13K)/AKT pathway for its full activation, which is initiated by binding PI3K to phosphorylated TLR3.
p23
p23
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c267 : 1
stoichiometry:c428 : 1
stoichiometry:c427 : 1
m42*m3914*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IRF3 requires further phosphorylation by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (P13K)/AKT pathway for its full activation, which is initiated by binding PI3K to phosphorylated TLR3.
p24
p24
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c68 : 1
stoichiometry:c69 : 1
stoichiometry:c70 : 1
stoichiometry:c71 : 1
m19305*m183*m1573*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The other branch acts through TRAF6 and transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1; also known as MAP3K7) leading to the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), JUN and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) transcription factors.
p25
p25
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c72 : 1
stoichiometry:c74 : 1
stoichiometry:c73 : 1
m207*m43*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The other branch acts through TRAF6 and transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1; also known as MAP3K7) leading to the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), JUN and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) transcription factors.
p26
p26
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c75 : 1
stoichiometry:c77 : 1
stoichiometry:c76 : 1
m16910*m44*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The other branch acts through TRAF6 and transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1; also known as MAP3K7) leading to the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), JUN and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) transcription factors. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes. PMID: 18049472 The IKK protein kinase complex phosphorylates IkappaB and releases it from NFkappaB.
p27
p27
cso30:i:ME_ProteasomeDegradation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c79 : 1
stoichiometry:c78 : 1
stoichiometry:c80 : 1
m208*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The other branch acts through TRAF6 and transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1; also known as MAP3K7) leading to the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), JUN and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) transcription factors. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes. PMID: 18049472 The IKK protein kinase complex phosphorylates IkappaB and releases it from NFkappaB.
p28
p28
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c81 : 1
stoichiometry:c83 : 1
stoichiometry:c84 : 1
m43*m47*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The other branch acts through TRAF6 and transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1; also known as MAP3K7) leading to the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), JUN and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) transcription factors.
p29
p29
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c82 : 1
stoichiometry:c85 : 1
stoichiometry:c86 : 1
m43*m49*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The other branch acts through TRAF6 and transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1; also known as MAP3K7) leading to the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), JUN and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) transcription factors.
p3
p3
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c10 : 1
stoichiometry:c11 : 1
stoichiometry:c12 : 1
m3966*m6485*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 It was also shown that microbial nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides or proteins trigger induction of IFNs through activation of TLRs.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c87 : 1
stoichiometry:c89 : 1
stoichiometry:c88 : 1
m45*m48*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The other branch acts through TRAF6 and transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1; also known as MAP3K7) leading to the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), JUN and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) transcription factors. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
p31
p31
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c90 : 1
stoichiometry:c91 : 1
stoichiometry:c92 : 1
m63*m64*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The other branch acts through TRAF6 and transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1; also known as MAP3K7) leading to the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), JUN and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) transcription factors. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c93 : 1
stoichiometry:c94 : 1
m1617*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The activated transcription factors translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, bind to the cognate sites in the promoters of the target genes and singly or in combinations induce their transcription. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c95 : 1
stoichiometry:c96 : 1
m65*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The activated transcription factors translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, bind to the cognate sites in the promoters of the target genes and singly or in combinations induce their transcription. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c97 : 1
stoichiometry:c98 : 1
m46*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The activated transcription factors translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, bind to the cognate sites in the promoters of the target genes and singly or in combinations induce their transcription. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c101 : 1
stoichiometry:c104 : 1
m68*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The activated transcription factors translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, bind to the cognate sites in the promoters of the target genes and singly or in combinations induce their transcription. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c100 : 1
stoichiometry:c103 : 1
m66*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The activated transcription factors translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, bind to the cognate sites in the promoters of the target genes and singly or in combinations induce their transcription. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c99 : 1
stoichiometry:c102 : 1
m67*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The activated transcription factors translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, bind to the cognate sites in the promoters of the target genes and singly or in combinations induce their transcription. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c105 : 1
stoichiometry:c107 : 1
stoichiometry:c106 : 1
m41*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The activated transcription factors translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, bind to the cognate sites in the promoters of the target genes and singly or in combinations induce their transcription.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c174 : 1
stoichiometry:c109 : 1
m85*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The activated transcription factors translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, bind to the cognate sites in the promoters of the target genes and singly or in combinations induce their transcription. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c7 : 1
stoichiometry:c8 : 1
stoichiometry:c9 : 1
m155666*m17*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 It was also shown that microbial nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides or proteins trigger induction of IFNs through activation of TLRs.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c110 : 1
stoichiometry:c111 : 1
m73*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 The activated transcription factors translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, bind to the cognate sites in the promoters of the target genes and singly or in combinations induce their transcription. PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
p41
p41
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c112 : 1
stoichiometry:c114 : 1
stoichiometry:c116 : 1
m27*m1872*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
p42
p42
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c113 : 1
stoichiometry:c115 : 1
stoichiometry:c117 : 1
m28*m1872*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
p43
p43
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c118 : 1
stoichiometry:c120 : 1
stoichiometry:c165 : 1
stoichiometry:c119 : 1
m1599*m75*m83*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes. PMID: 18049472, 16762830 Both TRIF and IPS1 recruit inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) kinase (IKK) and TANK-binding kinase (TBK1), the common activator kinases. PMID: 18049472, 16979567 IRFs are activated by the kinases TBK1 or IKK-epsilon activated IRFs then dimerize and translocate to the nucleus.
p44
p44
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c121 : 1
stoichiometry:c122 : 1
stoichiometry:c123 : 1
m76*m977*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes. PMID: 18049472, 16979567 IRFs are activated by the kinases TBK1 or IKK-epsilon activated IRFs then dimerize and translocate to the nucleus.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c124 : 1
stoichiometry:c128 : 1
stoichiometry:c129 : 1
m27*m77*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c125 : 1
stoichiometry:c126 : 1
stoichiometry:c127 : 1
m28*m77*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
p47
p47
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c133 : 1
stoichiometry:c135 : 1
stoichiometry:c134 : 1
m47*m78*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
p48
p48
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c130 : 1
stoichiometry:c132 : 1
stoichiometry:c131 : 1
m49*m78*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
p49
p49
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c136 : 1
stoichiometry:c138 : 1
stoichiometry:c137 : 1
m207*m78*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 IPS1 functions like TRIF and activates the same transcription factors leading to the induction of similar genes.
p5
p5
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c13 : 1
stoichiometry:c14 : 1
stoichiometry:c15 : 1
m3965*m119368*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 15208624 dsRNA is recognized by TLR3, which is present mostly in endosomal membranes4, and also by two cytoplasmic RNA helicases, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation associated protein 5 (MDA5).
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c139 : 1
stoichiometry:c141 : 1
stoichiometry:c143 : 1
m1814*m27*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 In addition, they cause apoptosis by activating caspases 8 and 10 through the interaction of FADD with IPS1.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c140 : 1
stoichiometry:c142 : 1
stoichiometry:c144 : 1
m1814*m28*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 In addition, they cause apoptosis by activating caspases 8 and 10 through the interaction of FADD with IPS1.
p52
p52
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c145 : 1
stoichiometry:c153 : 1
stoichiometry:c146 : 1
m1821*m80*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 In addition, they cause apoptosis by activating caspases 8 and 10 through the interaction of FADD with IPS1.
p53
p53
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c147 : 1
stoichiometry:c155 : 1
stoichiometry:c148 : 1
m1821*m79*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 In addition, they cause apoptosis by activating caspases 8 and 10 through the interaction of FADD with IPS1.
p54
p54
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c149 : 1
stoichiometry:c154 : 1
stoichiometry:c150 : 1
m1815*m80*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 In addition, they cause apoptosis by activating caspases 8 and 10 through the interaction of FADD with IPS1.
p55
p55
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c151 : 1
stoichiometry:c156 : 1
stoichiometry:c152 : 1
m1815*m79*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 In addition, they cause apoptosis by activating caspases 8 and 10 through the interaction of FADD with IPS1.
p56
p56
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c157 : 1
stoichiometry:c159 : 1
stoichiometry:c158 : 1
m207*m81*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 In addition, they cause apoptosis by activating caspases 8 and 10 through the interaction of FADD with IPS1.
p57
p57
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c161 : 1
stoichiometry:c166 : 1
stoichiometry:c162 : 1
m3902*m27*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 16762830 Both TRIF and IPS1 recruit inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) kinase (IKK) and TANK-binding kinase (TBK1), the common activator kinases.
p58
p58
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c163 : 1
stoichiometry:c167 : 1
stoichiometry:c164 : 1
m3902*m28*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 16762830 Both TRIF and IPS1 recruit inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) kinase (IKK) and TANK-binding kinase (TBK1), the common activator kinases.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c168 : 1
stoichiometry:c169 : 1
stoichiometry:c170 : 1
m18*m18998*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Bacterial lipopolysaccharides induce IFNs through TLR4 and also recruit TRIF.
p6
p6
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c16 : 1
stoichiometry:c17 : 1
stoichiometry:c20 : 1
m119368*m41844*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 15208624 dsRNA is recognized by TLR3, which is present mostly in endosomal membranes4, and also by two cytoplasmic RNA helicases, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation associated protein 5 (MDA5).
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c172 : 1
stoichiometry:c171 : 1
m84*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Bacterial lipopolysaccharides induce IFNs through TLR4 and also recruit TRIF.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c108 : 1
stoichiometry:c173 : 1
m19324*0.1
nodelay
--
0
p62
p62
cso30:i:ME_ProteinCleavage
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c175 : 1
stoichiometry:c176 : 1
stoichiometry:c177 : 1
m26*m92*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 15710892 For example, a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-encoded protease can cleave IPS1 off the mitochondrial membrane and block RIG-I/MDA5-mediated signalling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c180 : 1
stoichiometry:c181 : 1
stoichiometry:c182 : 1
m93*m41844*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17038589 NS1 protein of influenza viruses prevents establishment of an antiviral state through the interaction with RIG-I.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c184 : 1
stoichiometry:c185 : 1
stoichiometry:c186 : 1
m95*m19940*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 11812998 the quinolinamine imiquimod and its analogues activate TLR7.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c188 : 1
stoichiometry:c187 : 1
m97*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17562815 DMXAA induces IFN synthesis through a TLR-independent pathway.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c193 : 1
stoichiometry:c189 : 1
m18*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14991609 stimulation of TLR3 or TLR4 induces mostly IFN-beta and IFN-alpha1, which emphasizes the differences in the promoter sequences for the IFN-alphas, IFN-omega, and IFN-beta genes that govern the response to different inducers.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c195 : 1
stoichiometry:c190 : 1
m35*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14991609 stimulation of TLR3 or TLR4 induces mostly IFN-beta and IFN-alpha1, which emphasizes the differences in the promoter sequences for the IFN-alphas, IFN-omega, and IFN-beta genes that govern the response to different inducers.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c196 : 1
stoichiometry:c192 : 1
m35*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14991609 stimulation of TLR3 or TLR4 induces mostly IFN-beta and IFN-alpha1, which emphasizes the differences in the promoter sequences for the IFN-alphas, IFN-omega, and IFN-beta genes that govern the response to different inducers.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c194 : 1
stoichiometry:c191 : 1
m18*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14991609 stimulation of TLR3 or TLR4 induces mostly IFN-beta and IFN-alpha1, which emphasizes the differences in the promoter sequences for the IFN-alphas, IFN-omega, and IFN-beta genes that govern the response to different inducers.
p7
p7
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c18 : 1
stoichiometry:c19 : 1
stoichiometry:c21 : 1
m119368*m76904*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 15208624 dsRNA is recognized by TLR3, which is present mostly in endosomal membranes4, and also by two cytoplasmic RNA helicases, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation associated protein 5 (MDA5).
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c197 : 1
stoichiometry:c204 : 1
stoichiometry:c211 : 1
m104*m99*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2. PMID: 18049472, 17969444 They act through a cell-surface receptor composed of two ubiquitously expressed transmembrane proteins, IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2 (the genes for which are clustered on chromosome 21), and are associated with two cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, TYK2 and JAK1.
p71
p71
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c198 : 1
stoichiometry:c205 : 1
stoichiometry:c212 : 1
m104*m1636*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2. PMID: 18049472, 17969444 They act through a cell-surface receptor composed of two ubiquitously expressed transmembrane proteins, IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2 (the genes for which are clustered on chromosome 21), and are associated with two cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, TYK2 and JAK1.
p72
p72
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c199 : 1
stoichiometry:c206 : 1
stoichiometry:c213 : 1
m104*m1641*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2. PMID: 18049472, 17969444 They act through a cell-surface receptor composed of two ubiquitously expressed transmembrane proteins, IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2 (the genes for which are clustered on chromosome 21), and are associated with two cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, TYK2 and JAK1.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c200 : 1
stoichiometry:c207 : 1
stoichiometry:c214 : 1
m104*m100*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2. PMID: 18049472, 17969444 They act through a cell-surface receptor composed of two ubiquitously expressed transmembrane proteins, IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2 (the genes for which are clustered on chromosome 21), and are associated with two cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, TYK2 and JAK1.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c201 : 1
stoichiometry:c208 : 1
stoichiometry:c215 : 1
m104*m101*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2. PMID: 18049472, 17969444 They act through a cell-surface receptor composed of two ubiquitously expressed transmembrane proteins, IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2 (the genes for which are clustered on chromosome 21), and are associated with two cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, TYK2 and JAK1.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c202 : 1
stoichiometry:c209 : 1
stoichiometry:c216 : 1
m104*m102*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2. PMID: 18049472, 17969444 They act through a cell-surface receptor composed of two ubiquitously expressed transmembrane proteins, IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2 (the genes for which are clustered on chromosome 21), and are associated with two cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, TYK2 and JAK1.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c203 : 1
stoichiometry:c210 : 1
stoichiometry:c217 : 1
m104*m103*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2. PMID: 18049472, 17969444 They act through a cell-surface receptor composed of two ubiquitously expressed transmembrane proteins, IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2 (the genes for which are clustered on chromosome 21), and are associated with two cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, TYK2 and JAK1.
p77
p77
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c218 : 1
stoichiometry:c219 : 1
stoichiometry:c220 : 1
m1634*m104*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2. PMID: 18049472, 17969444 They act through a cell-surface receptor composed of two ubiquitously expressed transmembrane proteins, IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2 (the genes for which are clustered on chromosome 21), and are associated with two cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, TYK2 and JAK1. PMID: 18049472, 17969444 Formation of the IFN?receptor complex involves one side of the IFN protein interacting with IFNAR2 in a region forming the hinge between the two fibronectin type III (FnIII) domains (Fig. 3); binding affinity is in the nanomolar range39. IFNAR1 binds IFNs with an affinity 1,000-fold weaker than that of IFNAR2, with a binding site located opposite to the IFNAR2 binding site. Binding studies are consistent with the ternary complex between IFNAR1, IFN and IFNAR2 having a 1:1:1 stoichiometry, and a similar if not identical architecture for all type I IFNs. Ternary complex assembly is a two-step process; the ligand binds first to one IFNAR and then recruits the second with no identified interaction between the two IFNARs.
p78
p78
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c221 : 1
stoichiometry:c222 : 1
stoichiometry:c223 : 1
m113*m1639*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2; type II IFN-gamma with IFN-gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) and IFNGR2; and type III IFN-lambdas with IFN-lambda receptor 1 (IFNLR1; also known as IL28RA) and interleukin 10 receptor 2 (IL10R2; also known as IL10RB). PMID; 18049472 Type II IFN-gamma is an antiparallel homodimer exhibiting a two-fold axis of symmetry. It binds two IFNGR1 receptor chains, assembling a complex that is stabilized by two IFNGR2 chains. PMID: 18049472 Type II IFN-gamma is an antiparallel homodimer exhibiting a two-fold axis of symmetry. It binds two IFNGR1 receptor chains, assembling a complex that is stabilized by two IFNGR2 chains. These receptors are associated with two kinases from the JAK family: JAK1 and TYK2 for type I and III IFNs; JAK1 and JAK2 for type II IFN. PMID: 18049472 IFN-gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) maps to chromosome 6 and has a JAK1 binding domain and a STAT1 docking site. IFNGR2 contains a JAK2 binding domain and maps to chromosome 21q22.1 in a cluster that also contains IFNAR1, IFNAR2 and interleukin 10 receptor 2 (IL10R2; also known as IL10RB).
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c224 : 1
stoichiometry:c225 : 1
stoichiometry:c226 : 1
m115*m118*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Type I interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta omega, kappa, epsilon, delta (pigs), tau (ruminants)) interact with IFN (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2; type II IFN-gamma with IFN-gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) and IFNGR2; and type III IFN-lambdas with IFN-lambda receptor 1 (IFNLR1; also known as IL28RA) and interleukin 10 receptor 2 (IL10R2; also known as IL10RB). PMID: 18049472 These receptors are associated with two kinases from the JAK family: JAK1 and TYK2 for type I and III IFNs.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c22 : 1
stoichiometry:c23 : 1
stoichiometry:c24 : 1
m23*m3962*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 It was also shown that microbial nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides or proteins trigger induction of IFNs through activation of TLRs.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c227 : 1
stoichiometry:c228 : 1
m112*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Upon activation of receptors, the JAKs undergo autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation to increase their activity, and then phosphorylate the IFN receptors and finally STATs. PMID: 18049472 Minimum requirements for a response to type I IFNs are the heterodimeric IFN receptor; the tyrosine kinases TYK2 and JAK1, which reciprocally transphosphorylate the receptor chains when activated.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c231 : 1
stoichiometry:c232 : 1
m116*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Upon activation of receptors, the JAKs undergo autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation to increase their activity, and then phosphorylate the IFN receptors and finally STATs. PMID: 18049472 Minimum requirements for a response to type I IFNs are the heterodimeric IFN receptor; the tyrosine kinases TYK2 and JAK1, which reciprocally transphosphorylate the receptor chains when activated.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c229 : 1
stoichiometry:c230 : 1
m119*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Upon activation of receptors, the JAKs undergo autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation to increase their activity, and then phosphorylate the IFN receptors and finally STATs. PMID: 18049472 Minimum requirements for a response to type I IFNs are the heterodimeric IFN receptor; the tyrosine kinases TYK2 and JAK1, which reciprocally transphosphorylate the receptor chains when activated.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c239 : 1
stoichiometry:c241 : 1
stoichiometry:c242 : 1
m121*m117*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Upon activation of receptors, the JAKs undergo autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation to increase their activity, and then phosphorylate the IFN receptors and finally STATs. PMID: 18049472 Minimum requirements for a response to type I IFNs are the heterodimeric IFN receptor; the tyrosine kinases TYK2 and JAK1, which reciprocally transphosphorylate the receptor chains when activated.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c233 : 1
stoichiometry:c234 : 1
m122*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Upon activation of receptors, the JAKs undergo autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation to increase their activity, and then phosphorylate the IFN receptors and finally STATs. PMID: 18049472 Minimum requirements for a response to type I IFNs are the heterodimeric IFN receptor; the tyrosine kinases TYK2 and JAK1, which reciprocally transphosphorylate the receptor chains when activated.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c240 : 1
stoichiometry:c243 : 1
stoichiometry:c244 : 1
m123*m117*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Upon activation of receptors, the JAKs undergo autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation to increase their activity, and then phosphorylate the IFN receptors and finally STATs. PMID: 18049472 Minimum requirements for a response to type I IFNs are the heterodimeric IFN receptor; the tyrosine kinases TYK2 and JAK1, which reciprocally transphosphorylate the receptor chains when activated.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c235 : 1
stoichiometry:c236 : 1
m114*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Upon activation of receptors, the JAKs undergo autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation to increase their activity, and then phosphorylate the IFN receptors and finally STATs. PMID: 18049472 Minimum requirements for a response to type I IFNs are the heterodimeric IFN receptor; the tyrosine kinases TYK2 and JAK1, which reciprocally transphosphorylate the receptor chains when activated.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c237 : 1
stoichiometry:c238 : 1
m124*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Upon activation of receptors, the JAKs undergo autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation to increase their activity, and then phosphorylate the IFN receptors and finally STATs. PMID: 18049472 Minimum requirements for a response to type I IFNs are the heterodimeric IFN receptor; the tyrosine kinases TYK2 and JAK1, which reciprocally transphosphorylate the receptor chains when activated.
p88
p88
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c245 : 1
stoichiometry:c247 : 1
stoichiometry:c248 : 1
stoichiometry:c246 : 1
m125*m1357*m1360*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 15284232 STAT1 and STAT3 bind competitively to the same phosphotyrosine residue of IFNGR1, with the binding of STAT1 greatly favoured.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c249 : 1
stoichiometry:c250 : 1
m127*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 Upon activation of receptors, the JAKs undergo autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation to increase their activity, and then phosphorylate the IFN receptors and finally STATs.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c26 : 1
stoichiometry:c25 : 1
m24*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472 It was also shown that microbial nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides or proteins trigger induction of IFNs through activation of TLRs.
p90
p90
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c251 : 1
stoichiometry:c252 : 1
stoichiometry:c253 : 1
m1634*m129*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 12169689 In at least some cell types, the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is associated with IFNAR1. The activation of p85 by IFN leads to AKT phosphorylation and expression of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11 (CXCL11) gene, encoding an important chemokine.
p91
p91
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c254 : 1
stoichiometry:c256 : 1
stoichiometry:c255 : 1
m131*m130*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 12169689 In at least some cell types, the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is associated with IFNAR1. The activation of p85 by IFN leads to AKT phosphorylation and expression of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11 (CXCL11) gene, encoding an important chemokine.
p92
p92
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c258 : 1
stoichiometry:c257 : 1
m3914*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 12169689 In at least some cell types, the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is associated with IFNAR1. The activation of p85 by IFN leads to AKT phosphorylation and expression of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11 (CXCL11) gene, encoding an important chemokine. PMID: 18049472, 9625760, 2115167, 8798467 As examples, three closely related chemokines involved in accumulation of activated T cells and macrophages are the ISGs CXCL9 (also known as MIG, monokine induced by IFN-gamma); CXCL10 (also known as IP-10, IFN-gamma 10 kD inducible protein); and CXCL11 (also known as I-TAC, interferon-inducible T-cell alpha-chemoattractant)136, 137, 138, 139. True to their names, these chemokines are not expressed in the absence of IFN signalling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c259 : 1
stoichiometry:c260 : 1
m95041*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 12169689 In at least some cell types, the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is associated with IFNAR1. The activation of p85 by IFN leads to AKT phosphorylation and expression of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11 (CXCL11) gene, encoding an important chemokine. PMID: 18049472, 14607926 Type I IFNs also activate p38, and inactivation of p38 blocks induction by IFN-beta of CXCL11 and TNFSF10 (encoding tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, APO2L/TRAIL)68 and of CXCL10 (encoding the chemokine IP-10; also known as IFN-gamma-induced peptide, 10 kDa) in primary leukocytes.
p94
p94
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c261 : 1
stoichiometry:c263 : 1
stoichiometry:c262 : 1
m49*m112*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14607926 Type I IFNs also activate p38, and inactivation of p38 blocks induction by IFN-beta of CXCL11 and TNFSF10 (encoding tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, APO2L/TRAIL)68 and of CXCL10 (encoding the chemokine IP-10; also known as IFN-gamma-induced peptide, 10 kDa) in primary leukocytes.
p95
p95
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c422 : 1
stoichiometry:c264 : 1
m1636*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14607926 Type I IFNs also activate p38, and inactivation of p38 blocks induction by IFN-beta of CXCL11 and TNFSF10 (encoding tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, APO2L/TRAIL)68 and of CXCL10 (encoding the chemokine IP-10; also known as IFN-gamma-induced peptide, 10 kDa) in primary leukocytes. PMID: 18049472, 9625760, 2115167, 8798467 As examples, three closely related chemokines involved in accumulation of activated T cells and macrophages are the ISGs CXCL9 (also known as MIG, monokine induced by IFN-gamma); CXCL10 (also known as IP-10, IFN-gamma 10 kD inducible protein); and CXCL11 (also known as I-TAC, interferon-inducible T-cell alpha-chemoattractant)136, 137, 138, 139. True to their names, these chemokines are not expressed in the absence of IFN signalling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
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stoichiometry:c266 : 1
stoichiometry:c269 : 1
m63*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14607926 Type I IFNs also activate p38, and inactivation of p38 blocks induction by IFN-beta of CXCL11 and TNFSF10 (encoding tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, APO2L/TRAIL)68 and of CXCL10 (encoding the chemokine IP-10; also known as IFN-gamma-induced peptide, 10 kDa) in primary leukocytes.
p97
p97
cso30:i:ME_GeneExpression
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c421 : 1
stoichiometry:c268 : 1
m1636*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14607926 Type I IFNs also activate p38, and inactivation of p38 blocks induction by IFN-beta of CXCL11 and TNFSF10 (encoding tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, APO2L/TRAIL)68 and of CXCL10 (encoding the chemokine IP-10; also known as IFN-gamma-induced peptide, 10 kDa) in primary leukocytes.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c397 : 1
stoichiometry:c270 : 1
m173*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 14607926 Type I IFNs also activate p38, and inactivation of p38 blocks induction by IFN-beta of CXCL11 and TNFSF10 (encoding tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, APO2L/TRAIL)68 and of CXCL10 (encoding the chemokine IP-10; also known as IFN-gamma-induced peptide, 10 kDa) in primary leukocytes.
p99
p99
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c272 : 1
stoichiometry:c273 : 1
m40*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18049472, 17969446 Serine 727 of STAT1 is phosphorylated in response to IFN-gamma by the kinase cascade PI3K¡½AKT¡½PKC¡½MKK4¡½p38 (MKK4, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; also known as MAP2K4), with some variation in the activation of different PKC or MKK proteins in different cells.
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