Original Literature | Model OverView |
---|---|
Publication
Title
Toll-like receptors are key participants in innate immune responses.
Affiliation
Programa Disciplinario de Inmunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Abstract
During an infection, one of the principal challenges for the host is to detectthe pathogen and activate a rapid defensive response. The Toll-like family ofreceptors (TLRs), among other pattern recognition receptors (PRR), performs thisdetection process in vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. These type Itransmembrane receptors identify microbial conserved structures orpathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Recognition of microbialcomponents by TLRs initiates signaling transduction pathways that induce geneexpression. These gene products regulate innate immune responses and furtherdevelop an antigen-specific acquired immunity. TLR signaling pathways areregulated by intracellular adaptor molecules, such as MyD88, TIRAP/Mal, betweenothers that provide specificity of individual TLR- mediated signaling pathways.TLR-mediated activation of innate immunity is involved not only in host defenseagainst pathogens but also in immune disorders. The involvement of TLR-mediatedpathways in auto-immune and inflammatory diseases is described in this reviewarticle.
PMID
18064347
|
Entity
Process
PI3K
--
MO000000030
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TRANSPATH | MO000000030 |
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NF-kappaB
--
MO000000058
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m69
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TRANSPATH | MO000000058 |
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TRAF6
--
MO000000212
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m183
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0
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TRANSPATH | MO000000212 |
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IKK
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TRANSPATH | MO000000248 |
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TNF-alpha
--
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TRANSPATH | MO000000289 |
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IRF-3
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TRANSPATH | MO000007694 |
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IRAK-2
--
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TRANSPATH | MO000016566 |
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IRAK-M
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TRANSPATH | MO000016569 |
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MyD88
--
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TRANSPATH | MO000016573 |
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fibrinogen
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TRANSPATH | MO000017426 |
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fibronectin
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m2341
10
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0
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TRANSPATH | MO000017549 |
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TLR4
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MO000019394
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csml-variable:Double
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InterPro | IPR000157 |
TRANSPATH | MO000019394 |
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LPS:LBP:CD14
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TRANSPATH | MO000021929 |
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TRIF
--
MO000041125
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csml-variable:Double
m18998
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TRANSPATH | MO000041125 |
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dsRNA:TLR3
--
MO000041446
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csml-variable:Double
m19314
10
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TRANSPATH | MO000041446 |
--
SIGIRR
--
MO000066718
cso30:c:Protein
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csml-variable:Double
m41575
10
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0
TRANSPATH | MO000066718 |
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--
e1
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
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--
--
csml-variable:Double
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0
--
--
e10
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
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--
--
csml-variable:Double
m10
0
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0
--
MKK
--
e100
cso30:c:Protein
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--
csml-variable:Double
m103
0
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0
--
MKK{p}
--
e101
cso30:c:Protein
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--
csml-variable:Double
m104
0
infinite
0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2:TRAM
--
e102
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m105
0
infinite
0
--
LPS:TLR4:MYD88:IRAK4{p}
--
e103
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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csml-variable:Double
m106
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0
--
MYD88s
--
e104
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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csml-variable:Double
m107
0
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0
--
diacylated lipopeptide:TLR2:TLR6:PI3K
--
e105
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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csml-variable:Double
m108
0
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0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2:Tollip
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e106
cso30:c:Complex
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csml-variable:Double
m109
0
infinite
0
--
MDP
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e107
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
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--
csml-variable:Double
m110
0
infinite
0
--
MDP:Nod2
--
e108
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
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--
csml-variable:Double
m111
0
infinite
0
--
ST2L:MYD88
--
e109
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
csml-variable:Double
m112
0
infinite
0
--
diacylated lipopeptide
--
e11
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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--
csml-variable:Double
m11
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infinite
0
--
ST2s
--
e110
cso30:c:Protein
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--
csml-variable:Double
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0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2:SIGIRR
--
e111
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
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--
csml-variable:Double
m114
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infinite
0
--
IL-1R
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e112
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
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--
csml-variable:Double
m115
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0
--
IL-1:IL-1R
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e113
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
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csml-variable:Double
m116
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0
--
IL-1
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e114
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
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--
csml-variable:Double
m117
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0
--
IL-1:IL-1R:SIGIRR
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e115
cso30:c:Complex
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--
csml-variable:Double
m118
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0
--
MAL
--
e116
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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--
csml-variable:Double
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0
--
ST2L:MAL
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e117
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_IntegralToPlasmaMembrane_
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csml-variable:Double
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0
--
diacylated lipoprotein:TLR2:TLR6
--
e12
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m12
0
infinite
0
--
triacylated lipopeptide
--
e13
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m13
0
infinite
0
--
triacylated lipopeptide:TLR1:TLR2
--
e14
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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--
csml-variable:Double
m14
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0
--
taxol
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e15
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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--
csml-variable:Double
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0
infinite
0
--
taxol:TLR4
--
e16
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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--
csml-variable:Double
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infinite
0
--
viral fusion protein
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e17
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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--
csml-variable:Double
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0
--
viral fusion protein:TLR4
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e18
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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--
csml-variable:Double
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infinite
0
--
hsp60:TLR4
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e19
cso30:c:Complex
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--
csml-variable:Double
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--
e2
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--
--
csml-variable:Double
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infinite
0
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hsp70:TLR4
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e20
cso30:c:Complex
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--
csml-variable:Double
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0
--
fibronectin:TLR4
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e21
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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--
csml-variable:Double
m21
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infinite
0
--
flagellin:TLR5
--
e22
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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csml-variable:Double
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infinite
0
--
hyaluronic acid:TLR4
--
e23
cso30:c:Complex
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--
csml-variable:Double
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infinite
0
--
hyaluronic acid
--
e24
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
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--
csml-variable:Double
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0
infinite
0
--
fibrinogen:TLR4
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e25
cso30:c:Complex
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--
csml-variable:Double
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infinite
0
--
heparan sulfate:TLR4
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e26
cso30:c:Complex
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--
csml-variable:Double
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0
--
heparan sulfate
--
e27
cso30:c:SmallMolecule
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--
csml-variable:Double
m27
0
infinite
0
--
TLR4:CD14
--
e28
cso30:c:Complex
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csml-variable:Double
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0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2
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e29
cso30:c:Complex
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csml-variable:Double
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0
--
--
e3
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--
--
csml-variable:Double
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0
--
csml-variable:Double
m30
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0
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CpG DNA:TLR9
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cso30:c:Complex
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0
--
ssRNA:TLR7
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e32
cso30:c:Complex
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0
--
type I interferons
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e33
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0
--
type I interferon
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e34
cso30:c:Protein
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0
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0
--
--
e35
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--
--
csml-variable:Double
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0
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--
e36
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
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--
csml-variable:Double
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0
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--
e37
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--
--
csml-variable:Double
m37
0
infinite
0
--
IRF-3{active}
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e38
cso30:c:Protein
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csml-variable:Double
m38
10
infinite
0
InterPro | IPR008984 |
TRANSPATH | MO000007694 |
--
IRF-7{active}
--
e39
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
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csml-variable:Double
m39
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000007702 |
--
--
e4
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_PlasmaMembrane_InternalSideOfPlasmaMembrane_
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m4
0
infinite
0
--
cytokine
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e40
cso30:c:mRNA
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csml-variable:Double
m40
0
infinite
0
--
cytokine
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e41
cso30:c:Protein
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m41
0
infinite
0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2:MYD88
--
e42
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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csml-variable:Double
m42
0
infinite
0
--
diacylated lipopeptide:TLR2:TLR6:MYD88
--
e43
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m43
0
infinite
0
--
flagellin:TLR5:MYD88
--
e44
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m44
0
infinite
0
--
CpG DNA:TLR9:MYD88
--
e45
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m45
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA:TLR8:MYD88
--
e46
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m46
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA:TLR7:MYD88
--
e47
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m47
0
infinite
0
--
IRAK1
--
e48
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m48
0
infinite
0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2:MYD88:IRAK4
--
e49
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m49
0
infinite
0
--
TLR1:TLR2
--
e5
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
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csml-variable:Double
m5
0
infinite
0
--
--
e50
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearEnvelopeLumen
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--
--
csml-variable:Double
m50
0
infinite
0
--
--
e51
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearPore
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--
--
csml-variable:Double
m51
0
infinite
0
--
--
e52
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearInnerMembrane
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--
--
csml-variable:Double
m52
0
infinite
0
--
--
e53
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearLumen
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m53
0
infinite
0
--
--
e54
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearOuterMembrane
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m54
0
infinite
0
--
--
e55
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleus
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m55
0
infinite
0
--
--
e56
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m56
0
infinite
0
--
--
e57
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearBody
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m57
0
infinite
0
--
--
e58
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Nucleolus
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m58
0
infinite
0
--
--
e59
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearEnvelope
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m59
0
infinite
0
--
TLR2:TLR6
--
e6
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m6
0
infinite
0
--
--
e60
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Chromatin
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m60
0
infinite
0
--
--
e61
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearChromosome
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m61
0
infinite
0
--
--
e62
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_NuclearCentromere
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m62
0
infinite
0
--
diacylated lipopeptide:TLR2:TLR6:MYD88:IRAK1:TRAF6
--
e63
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m63
0
infinite
0
--
flagellin:TLR5:MYD88:IRAK1:TRAF6
--
e64
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m64
0
infinite
0
--
Ikappa-B alpha:NF-kappaB
--
e66
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m66
0
infinite
0
--
Ikappa-B alpha{p}:NF-kappaB
--
e67
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m67
0
infinite
0
--
protein remnants
--
e68
cso30:c:EntityBiological
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m68
0
infinite
0
--
--
e7
cso30:c:EntityBiologicalCompartment
cso30:i:CC_Cell
--
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m7
0
infinite
0
--
adhesion molecule
--
e70
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m71
0
infinite
0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2:TRIF:PI3K
--
e71
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m72
0
infinite
0
--
diacylated lipopeptide:TLR2:TLR6:TRIF:PI3K
--
e72
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m74
0
infinite
0
--
dsRNA:TLR3:TRIF
--
e73
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m75
0
infinite
0
--
TBK1:IKK-epsilon
--
e74
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m76
0
infinite
0
--
TBK1:IKK-epsilon {active}
--
e75
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m77
0
infinite
0
--
IRF
--
e76
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m78
0
infinite
0
--
IRF{active}
--
e77
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m79
0
infinite
0
--
PI3K{active}
--
e78
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m80
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000030 |
--
IFN-alpha
--
e79
cso30:c:mRNA
cso30:i:CC_Nucleoplasm
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m81
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA
--
e8
cso30:c:Rna
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m8
0
infinite
0
--
IFN-alpha
--
e80
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m82
0
infinite
0
--
IFN-beta
--
e81
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m83
0
infinite
0
--
TLR4:CD14:MD2
--
e82
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m84
0
infinite
0
--
sTLR4
--
e83
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m85
0
infinite
0
--
NF-kappaB{active}
--
e84
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_CellComponent
--
csml-variable:Double
m86
10
infinite
0
TRANSPATH | MO000000058 |
--
dsRNA:TLR3:PI3K
--
e86
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m88
0
infinite
0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2:MYD88:IRAK4{p}:IRAK1
--
e88
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m91
0
infinite
0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2:MYD88:IRAK4{p}:IRAK1{p}
--
e89
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m92
0
infinite
0
--
ssRNA:TLR8
--
e9
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m9
0
infinite
0
--
LPS:TLR4:MD2:MYD88:IRAK4:IRAK1{p}:TRAF6
--
e90
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m93
0
infinite
0
--
IRAK1{p}:TRAF6
--
e91
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m94
0
infinite
0
--
TAK1:TAB1:TAB2
--
e92
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m95
0
infinite
0
--
IRAK1{p}:TRAF6:TAK1:TAB1:TAB2
--
e93
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m96
0
infinite
0
--
IRAK1{p}:TRAF6:TAK1:TAB1{p}:TAB2{p}
--
e94
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m97
0
infinite
0
--
TRAF6:TAK1:TAB1{p}:TAB2{p}
--
e95
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m98
0
infinite
0
--
IRAK1{p}
--
e96
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m99
0
infinite
0
--
UevlA
--
e97
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
csml-variable:Double
m100
0
infinite
0
--
TRAF6:UVEIa:Ubc13:TAK1:TAB1{p}:TAB2{p}
--
e98
cso30:c:Complex
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
csml-variable:Double
m101
0
infinite
0
--
IKK{p}
--
e99
cso30:c:Protein
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
csml-variable:Double
m102
0
infinite
0
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c1 : 1
stoichiometry:c2 : 1
stoichiometry:c3 : 1
m3963*m3964*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11431423, 12077222 the association between TLR1 and TLR6 which were demonstrated to form heterodimeric complexes with TLR2.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c28 : 1
stoichiometry:c30 : 1
stoichiometry:c29 : 1
m24*m3961*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR4 is activated by endogenous ligands, such as heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), HSP70, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, fibrinogen and heparan sulfate.
p11
p11
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c32 : 1
stoichiometry:c33 : 1
stoichiometry:c31 : 1
m3961*m2254*0.1
nodelay
--
0
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c34 : 1
stoichiometry:c35 : 1
stoichiometry:c36 : 1
m3961*m27*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR4 is activated by endogenous ligands, such as heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), HSP70, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, fibrinogen and heparan sulfate.
p13
p13
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c37 : 1
stoichiometry:c38 : 1
stoichiometry:c39 : 1
m3985*m155666*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11274165 LPS is generally bound to LPS-binding protein (LBP) present in the serum, this complex is firstly recognized by CD14 receptor, strongly expressed in peripheral blood monocytes and macrophages.
p14
p14
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c40 : 1
stoichiometry:c41 : 1
stoichiometry:c42 : 1
m6254*m28*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11274165 LPS is generally bound to LPS-binding protein (LBP) present in the serum, this complex is firstly recognized by CD14 receptor, strongly expressed in peripheral blood monocytes and macrophages.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c44 : 1
stoichiometry:c43 : 1
stoichiometry:c176 : 1
stoichiometry:c45 : 1
m6438*m28*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11274165 Once bound to CD14, LPS comes in close proximity with TLR4; however the efficient triggering of an inflammatory response requires the expression of the secreted protein MD-2
p16
p16
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c47 : 1
stoichiometry:c46 : 1
stoichiometry:c48 : 1
stoichiometry:c49 : 1
stoichiometry:c50 : 1
m6255*m84*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11274165 Once bound to CD14, LPS comes in close proximity with TLR4; however the efficient triggering of an inflammatory response requires the expression of the secreted protein MD-2
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c51 : 1
stoichiometry:c52 : 1
stoichiometry:c53 : 1
m6485*m3966*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 14625549 TLR5 recognizes a flagellin portion derived from Gram-positive and negative bacteria.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c54 : 1
stoichiometry:c55 : 1
stoichiometry:c56 : 1
m30*m19828*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15345224, 14993594, 12900525, 14563635 TLR9 senses DNA from Murine Cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and Herpes Simplex virus 1 and 2.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c57 : 1
stoichiometry:c58 : 1
stoichiometry:c59 : 1
m19940*m8*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 14976262, 15804288, 15661881 TLR7 responds to ssRNA producing interferon type I (IFN type I) and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c4 : 1
stoichiometry:c5 : 1
stoichiometry:c6 : 1
m3964*m3987*0.1
nodelay
--
0
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c61 : 1
stoichiometry:c62 : 1
stoichiometry:c60 : 1
m33*m32*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 14976262, 15804288, 15661881 TLR7 responds to ssRNA producing interferon type I (IFN type I) and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c63 : 1
stoichiometry:c64 : 1
stoichiometry:c65 : 1
m19823*m8*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15361868, 16006187 TLR7 and TLR8 recognize viral and non-viral ssRNA and activate cytokine production through interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7.
p22
p22
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c66 : 1
stoichiometry:c68 : 1
stoichiometry:c67 : 1
m977*m32*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15361868, 16006187 TLR7 and TLR8 recognize viral and non-viral ssRNA and activate cytokine production through interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7.
p23
p23
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c69 : 1
stoichiometry:c71 : 1
stoichiometry:c70 : 1
m977*m9*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15361868, 16006187 TLR7 and TLR8 recognize viral and non-viral ssRNA and activate cytokine production through interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7.
p24
p24
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c72 : 1
stoichiometry:c73 : 1
stoichiometry:c74 : 1
m32*m980*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15361868, 16006187 TLR7 and TLR8 recognize viral and non-viral ssRNA and activate cytokine production through interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7.
p25
p25
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c75 : 1
stoichiometry:c77 : 1
stoichiometry:c76 : 1
m980*m9*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15361868, 16006187 TLR7 and TLR8 recognize viral and non-viral ssRNA and activate cytokine production through interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c78 : 1
stoichiometry:c82 : 1
stoichiometry:c79 : 1
m40*m39*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15361868, 16006187 TLR7 and TLR8 recognize viral and non-viral ssRNA and activate cytokine production through interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c81 : 1
stoichiometry:c83 : 1
stoichiometry:c80 : 1
m40*m38*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15361868, 16006187 TLR7 and TLR8 recognize viral and non-viral ssRNA and activate cytokine production through interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7.
p28
p28
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c84 : 1
stoichiometry:c86 : 1
stoichiometry:c85 : 1
m3965*m119368*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 16095970, 15829275, 15254159 Adequate host defense against viral infections involves rapid pathogen recognition by TLR3, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 among other PRRs. The viral PAMPs recognized by these receptors include: double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c87 : 1
stoichiometry:c88 : 1
stoichiometry:c89 : 1
m29*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 when TLR2,4 and 5 are activated MYD88 is recruited to TLR/TIR domain to induce pro inflammatory cytokine through a classical signal pathway.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c7 : 1
stoichiometry:c8 : 1
stoichiometry:c9 : 1
m6*m11*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11431423, 12077222 TLR6 association with TLR2 induced recognition of diacylated lipopeptide but TLR1-TLR2 heterodimer binds preferentially triacylated lipopeptides.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c90 : 1
stoichiometry:c91 : 1
stoichiometry:c92 : 1
m12*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 When TLR2,4 and 5 are activated MYD88 is recruited to TLR/TIR domain to induce pro inflammatory cytokine through a classical signal pathway.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c93 : 1
stoichiometry:c94 : 1
stoichiometry:c95 : 1
m22*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 When TLR2,4 and 5 are activated MYD88 is recruited to TLR/TIR domain to induce pro inflammatory cytokine through a classical signal pathway.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c96 : 1
stoichiometry:c98 : 1
stoichiometry:c97 : 1
m31*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 During viral recognition in endosome TLR7, 8 and 9 use the cytoplasmic adaptor molecule MYD88.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c99 : 1
stoichiometry:c101 : 1
stoichiometry:c100 : 1
m9*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 During viral recognition in endosome TLR7, 8 and 9 use the cytoplasmic adaptor molecule MYD88.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c102 : 1
stoichiometry:c104 : 1
stoichiometry:c103 : 1
m32*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 During viral recognition in endosome TLR7, 8 and 9 use the cytoplasmic adaptor molecule MYD88.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c105 : 1
stoichiometry:c106 : 1
stoichiometry:c108 : 1
m42*m17258*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 A crucial event in pro-inflammatory signaling activation is the interaction of IRAK-4 with MyD88-ID domain that promotes, after recruitment to the receptor TIR domain, the phosphorylation of IRAK-1.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c107 : 1
stoichiometry:c109 : 1
stoichiometry:c110 : 1
stoichiometry:c112 : 1
m43*m183*m48*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 When TLR2, 4 and 5 are activated, MyD88 is recruited to the TLR/TIR domain to induce pro-inflammatory cytokine production through a classical signaling pathway. In this pathway the IKK family of proteins is activated in a process that involves IRAK-1 and TRAF6.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c113 : 1
stoichiometry:c114 : 1
stoichiometry:c115 : 1
stoichiometry:c116 : 1
m44*m48*m183*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 When TLR2, 4 and 5 are activated, MyD88 is recruited to the TLR/TIR domain to induce pro-inflammatory cytokine production through a classical signaling pathway. In this pathway the IKK family of proteins is activated in a process that involves IRAK-1 and TRAF6.
p38
p38
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c117 : 1
stoichiometry:c237 : 1
stoichiometry:c241 : 1
stoichiometry:c243 : 1
stoichiometry:c118 : 1
m48*m106*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 A crucial event in pro-inflammatory signaling activation is the interaction of IRAK-4 with MyD88-ID domain that promotes, after recruitment to the receptor TIR domain, the phosphorylation of IRAK-1. PMID: 18064347, 12150927 IRAK-M and IRAK-2 block pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by dissociating the complex formed by MyD88-IRAK-l/-4 and IRAK-TRAF6. IRAK-M -/- mice show an over-production of inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS and bacterial DNA-like CpG motifs.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c120 : 1
stoichiometry:c122 : 1
stoichiometry:c121 : 1
m66*m65*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 The IKK complex catalyzes I¦ÊB¦Á phosphorylation and degradation by the proteasome, therefore allowing NF¦ÊB to translocate into the nucleus.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c10 : 1
stoichiometry:c11 : 1
stoichiometry:c12 : 1
m5*m13*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11431423, 12077222 TLR6 association with TLR2 induced recognition of diacylated lipopeptide but TLR1-TLR2 heterodimer binds preferentially triacylated lipopeptides.
p40
p40
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c123 : 1
stoichiometry:c125 : 1
stoichiometry:c124 : 1
m207*m63*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 When TLR2, 4 and 5 are activated, MyD88 is recruited to the TLR/TIR domain to induce pro-inflammatory cytokine production through a classical signaling pathway. In this pathway the IKK family of proteins is activated in a process that involves IRAK-1 and TRAF6.
p41
p41
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c126 : 1
stoichiometry:c128 : 1
stoichiometry:c127 : 1
m207*m64*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 When TLR2, 4 and 5 are activated, MyD88 is recruited to the TLR/TIR domain to induce pro-inflammatory cytokine production through a classical signaling pathway. In this pathway the IKK family of proteins is activated in a process that involves IRAK-1 and TRAF6.
p42
p42
cso30:i:ME_ProteasomeDegradation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c129 : 1
stoichiometry:c130 : 1
stoichiometry:c131 : 1
m67*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 The IKK complex catalyzes I¦ÊB¦Á phosphorylation and degradation by the proteasome, therefore allowing NF¦ÊB to translocate into the nucleus.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c178 : 1
stoichiometry:c133 : 1
m86*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 The IKK complex catalyzes I¦ÊB¦Á phosphorylation and degradation by the proteasome, therefore allowing NF¦ÊB to translocate into the nucleus.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c135 : 1
stoichiometry:c134 : 1
m70*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 Once in the nucleus, NF¦ÊB regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c137 : 1
stoichiometry:c136 : 1
m70*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 Once in the nucleus, NF¦ÊB regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules.
p46
p46
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c138 : 1
stoichiometry:c140 : 1
stoichiometry:c139 : 1
stoichiometry:c141 : 1
m18998*m73*m105*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 In addition, TLR2 and 4 uses a MyD88-independent pathway that involves PI3K and TRIF recruitment to the TLR/TIR domain.
p47
p47
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c142 : 1
stoichiometry:c143 : 1
stoichiometry:c144 : 1
stoichiometry:c145 : 1
m12*m18998*m73*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 In addition, TLR2 and 4 uses a MyD88-independent pathway that involves PI3K and TRIF recruitment to the TLR/TIR domain.
p48
p48
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c146 : 1
stoichiometry:c148 : 1
stoichiometry:c147 : 1
m977*m72*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR4 activates a TRIF-dependent pathway that induces the activation of IRF-3 and subsequently the production of type I IFN in response to LPS. PMID: 18064347, 12368275, 14519765 TLR4 utilizes the adaptors TRIF and TRAM independently of Mai and MyD88 to initiate the late phase of NF¦ÊB activation and also to induce the expression of IFN-? and other IFN-inducible genes via the transcription factor IRF-3.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c150 : 1
stoichiometry:c151 : 1
stoichiometry:c149 : 1
m33*m38*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR4 activates a TRIF-dependent pathway that induces the activation of IRF-3 and subsequently the production of type I IFN in response to LPS.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c13 : 1
stoichiometry:c14 : 1
stoichiometry:c15 : 1
m3961*m15*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 10644670, 11274165 TLR4 can also recognize taxol (a strong antitumor agent in humans) derived from Taxus brevifolia, and a respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein.
p50
p50
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c152 : 1
stoichiometry:c153 : 1
stoichiometry:c154 : 1
m19314*m18998*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR3 triggers a TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-¦Â (TRIF) signaling pathway independent of MyD88 recruitment.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c155 : 1
stoichiometry:c157 : 1
stoichiometry:c156 : 1
m76*m75*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR3 can also regulate IFN¦Á/¦Â production by IRFs, through a TRIF-dependent pathway that may also involve PI3K or TBK1/IKK-epsilon activation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c158 : 1
stoichiometry:c160 : 1
stoichiometry:c159 : 1
m78*m77*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR3 can also regulate IFN¦Á/¦Â production by IRFs, through a TRIF-dependent pathway that may also involve PI3K or TBK1/IKK-epsilon activation.
p53
p53
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c161 : 1
stoichiometry:c184 : 1
stoichiometry:c162 : 1
m73*m19314*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR3 can also regulate IFN¦Á/¦Â production by IRFs, through a TRIF-dependent pathway that may also involve PI3K or TBK1/IKK-epsilon activation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c164 : 1
stoichiometry:c166 : 1
stoichiometry:c165 : 1
m78*m80*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR3 can also regulate IFN¦Á/¦Â production by IRFs, through a TRIF-dependent pathway that may also involve PI3K or TBK1/IKK-epsilon activation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c168 : 1
stoichiometry:c169 : 1
stoichiometry:c167 : 1
m81*m79*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR3 can also regulate IFN¦Á/¦Â production by IRFs, through a TRIF-dependent pathway that may also involve PI3K or TBK1/IKK-epsilon activation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c171 : 1
stoichiometry:c172 : 1
stoichiometry:c170 : 1
m93217*m79*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR3 can also regulate IFN¦Á/¦Â production by IRFs, through a TRIF-dependent pathway that may also involve PI3K or TBK1/IKK-epsilon activation.
p57
p57
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c173 : 1
stoichiometry:c174 : 1
stoichiometry:c175 : 1
m2828*m3961*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 The soluble product sTLR4 is an alternative splice variant of TLR4 that was shown to be expressed as a mechanism to inhibit LPS -mediated TNF¦Á production and NF¦ÊB activation, blocking MD-2 recruitment to the TLR4-CD14 complex.
p58
p58
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c132 : 1
stoichiometry:c179 : 1
stoichiometry:c240 : 1
stoichiometry:c249 : 1
stoichiometry:c268 : 1
stoichiometry:c284 : 1
stoichiometry:c177 : 1
m69*m29*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 The soluble product sTLR4 is an alternative splice variant of TLR4 that was shown to be expressed as a mechanism to inhibit LPS -mediated TNF¦Á production and NF¦ÊB activation, blocking MD-2 recruitment to the TLR4-CD14 complex. PMID: 18064347, 12538665 The mechanism by which MyD88s reverts inflammation involves IRAK-4 sequestration by MyD88s that prevents further phosphorylation of IRAK-4 and IRAK-1 and activation of NF¦ÊB. PMID: 18064347, 12154357, 12052830 PI3K has been also implicated in TLRs signaling, suppressing both MAPKs and NF¦ÊB in response to LPS, thereby decreasing TNF¦Á production. PMID: 18064347, 15004556 A possible mechanism for ST2L immune modulation involves its interaction with molecular adaptors of TLR/IL-1 inflammatory pathways. ST2L can sequestrate MyD88 and Mai through their TIR domains, and therefore can block the effect of TLR4-mediated NF¦ÊB activation
p59
p59
cso30:i:ME_Translation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c180 : 1
stoichiometry:c182 : 1
stoichiometry:c230 : 1
stoichiometry:c181 : 1
m93309*m29*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 The soluble product sTLR4 is an alternative splice variant of TLR4 that was shown to be expressed as a mechanism to inhibit LPS -mediated TNF¦Á production and NF¦ÊB activation, blocking MD-2 recruitment to the TLR4-CD14 complex. PMID: 18064347, 12154357, 12052830 PI3K has been also implicated in TLRs signaling, suppressing both MAPKs and NF¦ÊB in response to LPS, thereby decreasing TNF¦Á production.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c16 : 1
stoichiometry:c17 : 1
stoichiometry:c18 : 1
m3961*m17*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 10644670, 11274165 TLR4 can also recognize taxol (a strong antitumor agent in humans) derived from Taxus brevifolia, and a respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c163 : 1
stoichiometry:c183 : 1
m19314*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15502848 agonist activation of TLR3 may promote tyrosine phosphorylation that allows phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) recruitment, Akt activation and finally IRF-3 phosphorylation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c185 : 1
stoichiometry:c186 : 1
stoichiometry:c187 : 1
m87*m80*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15502848 agonist activation of TLR3 may promote tyrosine phosphorylation that allows phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) recruitment, Akt activation and finally IRF-3 phosphorylation.
p62
p62
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c188 : 1
stoichiometry:c190 : 1
stoichiometry:c189 : 1
m89*m88*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15502848 agonist activation of TLR3 may promote tyrosine phosphorylation that allows phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) recruitment, Akt activation and finally IRF-3 phosphorylation.
p63
p63
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c191 : 1
stoichiometry:c193 : 1
stoichiometry:c192 : 1
m977*m90*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15502848 agonist activation of TLR3 may promote tyrosine phosphorylation that allows phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) recruitment, Akt activation and finally IRF-3 phosphorylation.
p64
p64
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c119 : 1
stoichiometry:c239 : 1
stoichiometry:c257 : 1
stoichiometry:c194 : 1
m91*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 A crucial event in pro-inflammatory signaling activation is the interaction of IRAK-4 with MyD88-ID domain that promotes, after recruitment to the receptor TIR domain, the phosphorylation of IRAK-1. PMID: 18064347, 12538665 The mechanism by which MyD88s reverts inflammation involves IRAK-4 sequestration by MyD88s that prevents further phosphorylation of IRAK-4 and IRAK-1 and activation of NF¦ÊB. PMID: 18064347, 10854325 Tollip is recruited to the TIR domain and decreases IRAK-1 phosphorylation upon LPS activation. IRAK-1 activation by MyD88 promotes Tollip dissociation from the TIR domain.
p65
p65
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c195 : 1
stoichiometry:c196 : 1
stoichiometry:c242 : 1
stoichiometry:c244 : 1
stoichiometry:c197 : 1
m92*m183*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 Once IRAK-1 is phosphorylated TRAF6 is recruited to the TLR complex. PMID: 18064347, 12150927 IRAK-M and IRAK-2 block pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by dissociating the complex formed by MyD88-IRAK-l/-4 and IRAK-TRAF6. IRAK-M -/- mice show an over-production of inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS and bacterial DNA-like CpG motifs .
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c198 : 1
stoichiometry:c199 : 1
stoichiometry:c200 : 1
m93*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11259596 IRAK-1 and TRAF6 dissociate from the TIR/MyD88/IRAK-4 complex and interact with membrane-associated proteins, such as TAK1 (transforming growth factor-(?-activated kinase 1), TAB1 (transforming growth factor-(?-activated protein kinase 1-binding protein 1) and TAB2 that are part of the multicomplex IRAK-1-TRAF6-TAK1-TAB1-TAB2.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c201 : 1
stoichiometry:c202 : 1
stoichiometry:c203 : 1
m94*m95*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11259596 IRAK-1 and TRAF6 dissociate from the TIR/MyD88/IRAK-4 complex and interact with membrane-associated proteins, such as TAK1 (transforming growth factor-(?-activated kinase 1), TAB1 (transforming growth factor-(?-activated protein kinase 1-binding protein 1) and TAB2 that are part of the multicomplex IRAK-1-TRAF6-TAK1-TAB1-TAB2.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c204 : 1
stoichiometry:c205 : 1
m96*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 12242293 When TAK1 and TAB2 become phosphorylated they induce IRAK-1 dissociation from the complex and further IKKs and MAPKs activation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c206 : 1
stoichiometry:c207 : 1
stoichiometry:c208 : 1
m97*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 12242293 When TAK1 and TAB2 become phosphorylated they induce IRAK-1 dissociation from the complex and further IKKs and MAPKs activation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c19 : 1
stoichiometry:c20 : 1
stoichiometry:c21 : 1
m3961*m4645*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR4 is activated by endogenous ligands, such as heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), HSP70, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, fibrinogen and heparan sulfate.
p70
p70
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c209 : 1
stoichiometry:c211 : 1
stoichiometry:c210 : 1
m207*m101*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15147900, 11460167 Recent studies showed that TRAF6 can bind ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes Ubcl3 and UevlA, that are critical in the activation of TAK1 -mediated phosphorylation of IKK and MKK (MAPK Kinases)
p71
p71
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c212 : 1
stoichiometry:c213 : 1
stoichiometry:c214 : 1
stoichiometry:c215 : 1
m98*m6443*m100*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15147900, 11460167 Recent studies showed that TRAF6 can bind ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes Ubcl3 and UevlA, that are critical in the activation of TAK1 -mediated phosphorylation of IKK and MKK (MAPK Kinases)
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c216 : 1
stoichiometry:c218 : 1
stoichiometry:c248 : 1
stoichiometry:c217 : 1
m103*m101*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15147900, 11460167 Recent studies showed that TRAF6 can bind ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes Ubcl3 and UevlA, that are critical in the activation of TAK1 -mediated phosphorylation of IKK and MKK (MAPK Kinases). PMID: 18064347, 12154357, 12052830 PI3K has been also implicated in TLRs signaling, suppressing both MAPKs and NF¦ÊB in response to LPS, thereby decreasing TNF¦Á production.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c219 : 1
stoichiometry:c221 : 1
stoichiometry:c220 : 1
m66*m102*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 The IKK complex catalyzes I¦ÊB¦Á phosphorylation and degradation by the proteasome, therefore allowing NF¦ÊB to translocate into the nucleus.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c222 : 1
stoichiometry:c223 : 1
stoichiometry:c224 : 1
m29*m19005*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TRAM, like Mai, acts as a bridge to couple TRIF to TLR4 and is absolutely required for TLR4 mediated responses.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c226 : 1
stoichiometry:c225 : 1
m29*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR4 activation by LPS may induce the expression of the TRIF-related adaptor molecule (TRAM/TICAM-2) that binds to TLR4 and to TRIF.
p76
p76
cso30:i:ME_Translation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c228 : 1
stoichiometry:c229 : 1
stoichiometry:c227 : 1
m96947*m29*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR4 activation by LPS may induce the expression of the TRIF-related adaptor molecule (TRAM/TICAM-2) that binds to TLR4 and to TRIF.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c231 : 1
stoichiometry:c232 : 1
stoichiometry:c250 : 1
m12*m80*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11101877 Stimulation of TLR2 expressing cells with Staphylococcus aureus promotes PI3K recruitment to the TIR domain and induces transactivation of the NF¦ÊB subunit p65 by a mechanism that seems to be independent of I¦ÊB¦Á proteasomic degradation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c234 : 1
stoichiometry:c235 : 1
stoichiometry:c233 : 1
m93217*m38*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 12368275, 14519765 TLR4 utilizes the adaptors TRIF and TRAM independently of Mai and MyD88 to initiate the late phase of NF¦ÊB activation and also to induce the expression of IFN-? and other IFN-inducible genes via the transcription factor IRF-3.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c111 : 1
stoichiometry:c238 : 1
stoichiometry:c236 : 1
m49*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 12538665 The mechanism by which MyD88s reverts inflammation involves IRAK-4 sequestration by MyD88s that prevents further phosphorylation of IRAK-4 and IRAK-1 and activation of NF¦ÊB.
p8
p8
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c22 : 1
stoichiometry:c23 : 1
stoichiometry:c24 : 1
m3961*m5956*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR4 is activated by endogenous ligands, such as heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), HSP70, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, fibrinogen and heparan sulfate.
p80
p80
cso30:i:ME_Phosphorylation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c246 : 1
stoichiometry:c247 : 1
stoichiometry:c245 : 1
m290229*m80*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 PI3K is an enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3).
p81
p81
cso30:i:ME_UnknownActivation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c251 : 1
stoichiometry:c253 : 1
stoichiometry:c252 : 1
m69*m108*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11101877 Stimulation of TLR2 expressing cells with Staphylococcus aureus promotes PI3K recruitment to the TIR domain and induces transactivation of the NF¦ÊB subunit p65 by a mechanism that seems to be independent of I¦ÊB¦Á proteasomic degradation.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c254 : 1
stoichiometry:c255 : 1
stoichiometry:c256 : 1
m3973*m29*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 10854325 Tollip is recruited to the TIR domain and decreases IRAK-1 phosphorylation upon LPS activation. IRAK-1 activation by MyD88 promotes Tollip dissociation from the TIR domain.
p83
p83
cso30:i:ME_Dissociation
cso30:i:CC_Cytosol
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c258 : 1
stoichiometry:c261 : 1
stoichiometry:c259 : 1
stoichiometry:c260 : 1
m109*m92*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 10854325 Tollip is recruited to the TIR domain and decreases IRAK-1 phosphorylation upon LPS activation. IRAK-1 activation by MyD88 promotes Tollip dissociation from the TIR domain.
p84
p84
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c262 : 1
stoichiometry:c263 : 1
stoichiometry:c264 : 1
m110*m4947*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 12514169, 12527755 NOD2 protein is constituted by two caspase recruitment domains (CARD), a NOD region and a tripartite domain, consisting of a C-terminal LRR. This last domain recognizes and reacts to the bacterial component muramyl dipeptide (MDP), and is the site with major genetic variability.
p85
p85
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c265 : 1
stoichiometry:c266 : 1
stoichiometry:c267 : 1
m22464*m1572*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15004556 A possible mechanism for ST2L immune modulation involves its interaction with molecular adaptors of TLR/IL-1 inflammatory pathways. ST2L can sequestrate MyD88 and Mai through their TIR domains, and therefore can block the effect of TLR4-mediated NF¦ÊB activation
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c275 : 1
stoichiometry:c277 : 1
stoichiometry:c276 : 1
m115*m117*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 12925853, 15866876 SIGIRR interacts with IL-1R and TLR4 in a ligand-dependent manner and inhibits their signaling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c272 : 1
stoichiometry:c273 : 1
stoichiometry:c274 : 1
m41575*m29*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 12925853, 15866876 SIGIRR interacts with IL-1R and TLR4 in a ligand-dependent manner and inhibits their signaling.
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c269 : 1
stoichiometry:c271 : 1
stoichiometry:c270 : 1
m29*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 11359817 In LPS-activated macrophages, ST2s downregulates TLR4 mRNA expression.
p89
p89
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c278 : 1
stoichiometry:c280 : 1
stoichiometry:c279 : 1
m116*m41575*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 12925853, 15866876 SIGIRR interacts with IL-1R and TLR4 in a ligand-dependent manner and inhibits their signaling.
p9
p9
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c25 : 1
stoichiometry:c26 : 1
stoichiometry:c27 : 1
m3961*m2341*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347 TLR4 is activated by endogenous ligands, such as heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), HSP70, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, fibrinogen and heparan sulfate.
p90
p90
cso30:i:ME_Binding
cso30:i:CC_Extracellular
--
--
and
mass
coefficient1:0.1
coefficient2:1.0
stoichiometry:c281 : 1
stoichiometry:c282 : 1
stoichiometry:c283 : 1
m22464*m119*0.1
nodelay
--
0
PMID: 18064347, 15004556 A possible mechanism for ST2L immune modulation involves its interaction with molecular adaptors of TLR/IL-1 inflammatory pathways. ST2L can sequestrate MyD88 and Mai through their TIR domains, and therefore can block the effect of TLR4-mediated NF¦ÊB activation
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputAssociation
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
--
0
1,
--
cso30:c:OutputProcess
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cso30:c:InputAssociation
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cso30:c:InputProcess
threshold
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cso30:c:OutputProcess
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cso30:c:InputAssociation
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cso30:c:OutputProcess
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cso30:c:InputInhibitor
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cso30:c:OutputProcess
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cso30:c:InputAssociation
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cso30:c:InputAssociation
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cso30:c:OutputProcess
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cso30:c:InputAssociation
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cso30:c:InputAssociation
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cso30:c:InputInhibitor
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cso30:c:InputProcess
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cso30:c:InputProcess
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cso30:c:InputAssociation
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cso30:c:InputInhibitor
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cso30:c:InputInhibitor
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cso30:c:InputInhibitor
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cso30:c:InputInhibitor
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cso30:c:InputInhibitor
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cso30:c:OutputProcess
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cso30:c:InputInhibitor
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cso30:c:InputInhibitor
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cso30:c:OutputProcess
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cso30:c:InputProcess
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cso30:c:OutputProcess
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cso30:c:InputProcess
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cso30:c:InputProcess
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--